Hydrochemical Characterisation and Assessment of the Level of Contamination of Groundwater Collected by Private Waterworks in the Town of Moundou in the South of Chad

Abstract

Groundwater is the main source of drinking water for large cities in most African countries. In Moundou, for example, the conventional groundwater supply system is failing. To compensate for this state failure, the population is building boreholes and wells, most of which tap the surface water table, generally referred to as the "water table ". The aim of this study is to characterize these waters in order to assess their level of contamination and, by extension, the degree of pollution of the water table. Major elements such as: Chloride (Cl − ), Sulfate ( 2 4 SO − ), Nitrate ( 3 NO − ), Calcium (Ca 2+ ), magnesium (Mg 2+ ), sodium (Na + ) and potassium (K + ) were analysed by Liquid Chromatography and the Bicarbonate ion ( 3