Hydrochemical Characteristics and Irrigation Suitability Evaluation of Groundwater with Different Degrees of Seawater Intrusion

Wang, Zhenyan; Wang, Shu; Liu, Wenyue; Su, Qiao; Tong, Hui; Xu, Xingyong; Gao, Zongjun; Liu, Jiutan

doi:10.3390/w12123460

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…This might be as a result of their proximity to the river bank as WHO [31] reported that both calcium and magnesium which are usually highly soluble in water could be leached from the environment into ground and surface water; again, these metals alongside their carbonates sulphates and chlorides are also known to cause temporary and permanent hardness of water. Meanwhile, values obtained were below the recommended limit of 75-200mg/l for calcium and 30-150mg/l for magnesium recommended by WHO [26] for drinking water as well as the 183.75 mg/l and 91.30 mg/l average values for calcium and magnesium respectively reported by Xu et al [32].…”

Section: Ravi and Krishna (1996) Standard Ratio: <1 Indicates Saltwat...contrasting

confidence: 59%

Drinking Wells and River Water Quality Assessment in Oproama Community, Rivers State, Nigeria

Dick¹,

Okparanta²

2023

ACRI

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Aims: The hand-dug wells and river water in Oproama Community, Rivers State, Nigeria was assessed for its quality. Study Design: The study involved ten (10) sampling stations consisting of seven (7) hand-dug wells and three (3) points along the Oproama River. Place and Duration of Study: Oproama Community in Asari-toru Local Government Area of Rivers State, Nigeria between January and December, 2011 to cover both dry and wet seasons. Methodology: The parameters assessed were Vibrio (bacteria), salinity, calcium, magnesium concentrations as well as saltwater intrusion status employing standard laboratory procedures and estimation model. Results: The results reveal that Vibrio counts ranged from 2 x102 to 1.375 x104 cfu/100ml and the bacteria species identified from the water sources were Vibrio cholera and Vibrio parahaemolyticus. The study also reveals that salinity ranged from 11.97 to 13,772mg/l, calcium, 0.15 to 126.33mg/l and magnesium, 0.09 to 43.02mg/l. All parameters assessed exhibited seasonal variation during the study period; Calcium/magnesium (Ca/Mg) ratios for each well water sample ranged from 1.67 to 12.33 and indicate absence of saltwater intrusion which stands at a Ca/Mg limit of 1. Conclusion: Salinity (particularly well water samples), calcium and magnesium concentrations were within recommended limit; Vibrio counts were high and its presence in drinking water has public health risk; therefore, the use of sanitary buckets and point-of-use (households use) treatment and safe storage practices of water is strongly advocated.

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Section: Ravi and Krishna (1996) Standard Ratio: <1 Indicates Saltwat...contrasting

confidence: 59%

Drinking Wells and River Water Quality Assessment in Oproama Community, Rivers State, Nigeria

Dick¹,

Okparanta²

2023

ACRI

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“…Groundwater is a mixed solution with a complex chemical composition. Through detailed statistics and analysis of its composition, it is possible not only to determine the source of groundwater but also to understand the process of its formation [25]. During the evolution of groundwater, specific ionic components and ratios show certain regular changes.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Study on the Genesis of Underground Brine in Laizhou Bay Based on Hydrochemical Data

Chen,

Yu,

et al. 2023

Water

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The Laizhou Bay area contains a large amount of Quaternary brine resources, which have been gradually depleted by long-term high-intensity mining. The local brine genesis is still controversial, and the dominant theory of the evaporation of brine formation limits the exploration of brine resources to the land area, while the confirmation of freezing brine formation would greatly expand the brine storage range. In this research paper, the genesis of underground brines was analyzed based on the major ion concentrations of 62 samples of underground brines at different depths at 24 stations along the south coast of Laizhou Bay. The results show that the underground brines originated from seawater; however, their chemical components were changed during the evolution process after formation. The hydrogeochemical modeling results show that the mixing of seawater and fresh groundwater also affects the chemical composition of brines. The large-scale exploitation of brine resources in recent decades has also led to significant changes in the chemical composition of the underground brine in Laizhou Bay compared with the earlier period. The special geographic environment and the development of the brine chemical industry have led to the evolution of underground brines in Laizhou Bay being affected by a variety of factors, which makes the traditional analysis of brine genesis in this region not applicable. Furthermore, although evaporation and concentration are the dominant factors in the formation of brine, there is still a lack of evidence to rule out the existence of the freezing pathway.

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“…Salinity Distribution of Regional Groundwater. Conductivity, total dissolved solids (TDS), and Cl − concentration can be used to determine SWI [57]. In this study, Cl − concentration was chosen as the standard classification, and the results (Figure 7) indicated that the 49 water samples from Zhejiang Province comprised 22 freshwater samples, 22 brackish water samples, and 5 saline water samples; 35 freshwater samples, 5 brackish water samples, and 9 saline water samples in Fujian Province.…”

Section: Cai = CLmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrochemical Characteristics and Quality Assessment of Groundwater under the Impact of Seawater Intrusion and Anthropogenic Activity in the Coastal Areas of Zhejiang and Fujian Provinces, China

Chen

Wang

et al. 2022

Lithosphere

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Coastal groundwater is an important resource in the developed region associated with human health and sustainable economic development. To identify the origins of salinity and evaluate the impact of water-rock interactions, seawater intrusion (SWI), and evaporation on groundwater in the coastal areas of Zhejiang and Fujian provinces, a comprehensive investigation was performed. Meanwhile, nitrate and fluoride indicators resulting from the anthropogenic activity and SWI were also considered. At last, the water quality index (WQI) of coastal groundwater was evaluated with geochemical and multivariate statistical methods. The results indicated that (1) the groundwater in coastal areas of Zhejiang and Fujian provinces has been affected by SWI to varying degrees. The analysis of selected ion ratios (Na+/Cl− and Br−/Cl−) and isotopic compositions showed that SWI is the predominant cause of increasing salinity in the groundwater of Zhejiang Province, while the cause is water-rock interactions (ion exchange and mineral weathering) in Fujian Province. The hydrochemical evolution path of groundwater in Zhejiang Province is Ca/Mg-HCO3 to Na-Cl, while a different pattern of Ca/Mg-HCO3 to Na (Mg/Ca)-Cl occurs in Fujian Province. However, the trend of SWI development in both provinces was freshening. (2) Nitrification, sewage infiltration, and SWI increased the NO3− content in groundwater. Some of the NO3− concentration in Fujian Province exceeds the standard, and the nitrogen pollution was more serious than in Zhejiang Province. The F− content in coastal groundwater was affected by SWI and mineral dissolution; the F− content in Zhejiang Province was higher than in Fujian Province, which was close to the groundwater standard limit. The average WQI value of Zhejiang was 103.61, and the WQI of Fujian was 61.69, indicating that the coastal groundwater quality in Fujian Province was better than in Zhejiang Province. The results of the study revealed the impact of SWI and anthropogenic activity on groundwater in the southern coastal zone of China and will be valuable for sustainable groundwater resource management.

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Hydrochemical Characteristics and Irrigation Suitability Evaluation of Groundwater with Different Degrees of Seawater Intrusion

Cited by 12 publications

References 45 publications

Drinking Wells and River Water Quality Assessment in Oproama Community, Rivers State, Nigeria

Drinking Wells and River Water Quality Assessment in Oproama Community, Rivers State, Nigeria

The Study on the Genesis of Underground Brine in Laizhou Bay Based on Hydrochemical Data

Hydrochemical Characteristics and Quality Assessment of Groundwater under the Impact of Seawater Intrusion and Anthropogenic Activity in the Coastal Areas of Zhejiang and Fujian Provinces, China

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