Hydrochemical Indicators Analysis of Seawater Intrusion in Coastal Karstic Aquifers on the Example of the Bokanjac-Poličnik Catchment Area in Zadar, Croatia

Plantak, Lucija; Biondić, Ranko; Meaški, Hrvoje; Težak, Denis

doi:10.3390/app112411681

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…In the Bokanjac-Poličnik catchment area, where the Boljkovac water pumping station is located, the analysis of trends in annual precipitation, average annual air temperature, average annual flow of Miljašić Jaruga watercourse, and average annual sea level for the period 1961 to 2009 indicates reduced average annual precipitation in analyzed period of almost 200 mm, increase of average annual air temperature by 1.5 • C, increase of average annual sea level by about 5 cm and decrease of flow on Miljašić Jaruga by about 0.4 m 3 /s [6]. Climate models with forecasts indicate a further reduction in precipitation by 2100 [29].…”

Section: Results Of Analysis and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Saltwater Intrusion of Coastal Karstic Aquifer on the Example of the Boljkovac Water Supply Pumping Station near Zadar, Croatia

et al. 2022

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Numerous coastal karst springs of the Mediterranean region have problems with salinization. Salinization usually occurs during summer dry periods as a result of long droughts and excessive pumping for water supply. The Boljkovac water supply pumping station has slightly increased parameters that indicate the possibility of salinization during the dry summer periods, but the main salinization occurs post heavy rains which appear after long dry periods in the fall, winter, and spring. Due to the occasional occurrence of salinization, continuous monitoring of the aquifer by depth was set up at the piezometric well drilled near the water supply pumping station. The results of the monitoring were analyzed in relation to external factors that can negatively affect the disruption of the labile dynamic balance of salt and fresh water. The analyzed external factors are the pumping rate for the water supply, the amount of precipitation, surface flow and the interaction of surface water and groundwater, as well as the sea level changes. In Croatia, and the wider Mediterranean area, there are a large number of springs and water wells that have the same or similar problems, so the results of this analysis can be used in designing monitoring and setting up management systems for these coastal aquifers.

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Section: Results Of Analysis and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The problem of salinization of coastal springs and the impact of salinization on coastal aquifer zones has been studied in numerous aquifers and coastal springs throughout Croatia [2,[6][7][8][9] and the Mediterranean area [10][11][12][13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Saltwater Intrusion of Coastal Karstic Aquifer on the Example of the Boljkovac Water Supply Pumping Station near Zadar, Croatia

et al. 2022

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“…6a, which con rms a possible intrusion of sea water in the chosen location . Geochemical evolution owing to the mineralization and salinization, affects the chemical content of the groundwater and the associated soil sediment (Plantak et al, 2021). The presence of high concentration of calcium throughout the entire depth was noteworthy, which was expected to be in the form of carbonate minerals (Table 2, Fig.…”

Section: Characterization Of Soils and Sedimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Likewise, the primary mineral phases detected in the soil sediment were that of calcite (CaCO 3 ), dolomite [CaMg(CO 3 ) 2 ] along with sporadic distribution of quartz (SiO 2 ) and magnetite (Fe 2 O 3 ) (Fig.6a). Such a mineralogical pro ling is quite a typical scenario for sedimentation in the estuary where the river ow is dominant and the in uence of waves and the tide is relatively low leading to long surface oating duration of clay particles(Plantak et al, 2021).…”

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Selective recovery of calcium from estuarine sediments of Raša Bay

Chakladar,

Banerjee,

Ivošević

et al. 2023

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The historic mining of Raša coal on the Istrian Peninsula, Croatia for about quadricentennial, has left significant impacts on the soil chemistry in the surrounding areas. Geochemical examination of such soils commonly demonstrated notable leaching of hazardous trace metals into the soil, thus rendering them inappropriate for utilization. Interestingly, the abundance of calcium in the karstic soil of Croatia and its known versatile commercial application is noteworthy. Here, a thorough investigation was performed to delineate the occurrence and association of Ca in soils from Istrian peninsula along with its selective precipitation. Comprehensive mineralogical analysis using X-ray fluorescence and ICP-OES revealed the presence of Ca in noticeable quantity (~ 15 wt%) along with clay minerals (Si, Al, Fe) and alkaline metals (Na and K). Evaluation of the soil trace elements demonstrated the presence of both elements of environmental concern (Sr, Cr Zn and V) as well as of economic importance (Sc, Ga and Ge). The high concentration of Sr and Cr (~ 300 ppm) was considered to be an implication of intrusion of coal waste into the selected area. The presence of NaCl corroborated the intrusion of sea water into the soil sediment. The results obtained from the five step sequential leaching demonstrated Ca to be primarily present as dolomite mineral (CaMg(CO3)2). Optimization of the leaching parameters (temperature, acid concentration and duration of leaching) of Ca using HCl was performed, followed by its selective precipitation and calcination which resulted in isolation of CaO with 98.7% purity and 85% cumulative yield. Statistical correlations further confirmed the linear association of CaO and MgO (r = 0.8–0.9) as well as strong association of Sc with clay minerals (r > 0.8) and not Fe. To summarize, the present investigation demonstrated that extraction and selective precipitation of calcium from karst soils is feasible and can be potentially explored to utilize such which are otherwise considered waste.

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“…Furthermore, some islands have composite water supply solutions, such as small desalination plants for salinized water from brackish lakes (e.g., Borović et al 2019). The most significant problem regarding the water supply on Croatian islands is represented by seawater intrusions into aquifers (e.g., Lukač Reberski et al 2020;Plantak et al 2021;Terzić et al 2008). This problem is mostly inherent due to: (i) their small surface area resulting in small catchments and aquifers, (ii) intense fracturing and karstification with a karst base level below the present sea-level resulting in high permeability of the rock mass and preferential seawater intrusion through karstic conduits, and (iii) relatively low precipitation and high evapotranspiration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multidisciplinary investigations of a karst reservoir for managed aquifer recharge applications on the island of Vis (Croatia)

et al. 2022

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Managed aquifer recharge (MAR) refers to a suite of methods by which excess surface water or non-conventional water is stored underground for subsequent recovery or environmental purposes. MAR solutions have been largely used in unconsolidated aquifers, while their application in karst aquifers is rare. This research presents the first results of a MAR viability study on the island of Vis, a small karstic island in the Adriatic Sea. Favorable geological and hydrogeological conditions enable the formation of karst aquifers, making the island autonomous in terms of water supply. The island’s main aquifer, exploited in the Korita well field, is protected from seawater intrusion by several hydrogeological barriers. However, climate change and high seasonal pressures related to tourism pose a threat to the future availability of freshwater. Multidisciplinary field and laboratory investigations were carried out to detail the geological and hydrogeological setting of the island and its groundwater resource. Field analyses consisted of groundwater monitoring and sampling, geophysical investigations (i.e., electrical resistivity tomography), and structural measurements. Laboratory analyses included measurements of principal cations and anions and tritium activity. Despite low precipitation during the observation period (September 2019 - December 2020), the groundwater resource at the Korita site showed stable trends of physico-chemical parameters with a good storage potential and a long-term reserve. Geophysical investigations evidenced a relatively homogeneous sequence of the rock mass at a larger scale, while structural analyses indicated the occurrence of E-W karstified and open fractures that could represent a preferential flow path in the carbonate aquifer. A MAR solution for the Vis island was proposed combining an infiltration pond scheme with the direct injection of the accumulated waters into the aquifer using available wells. The potential water source could be represented by the runoff collected in an old artificial channel and the associated pond system in Korita.

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Hydrochemical Indicators Analysis of Seawater Intrusion in Coastal Karstic Aquifers on the Example of the Bokanjac-Poličnik Catchment Area in Zadar, Croatia

Cited by 5 publications

References 25 publications

Saltwater Intrusion of Coastal Karstic Aquifer on the Example of the Boljkovac Water Supply Pumping Station near Zadar, Croatia

Saltwater Intrusion of Coastal Karstic Aquifer on the Example of the Boljkovac Water Supply Pumping Station near Zadar, Croatia

Selective recovery of calcium from estuarine sediments of Raša Bay

Multidisciplinary investigations of a karst reservoir for managed aquifer recharge applications on the island of Vis (Croatia)

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