Hydrocode simulations of air and water shocks for facility vulnerability assessments

Clutter, J. Keith

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2003.09.003

Cited by 26 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…FE tools used to model tertiary bTBI could possibly be coupled to Eulerian based hydrocodes designed to simulate shock situations. Current hydrocodes have been coupled to Lagrangian-based codes to model blast damage to structures (Cullis, 2001; Clutter and Stahl, 2004). Such programs could possibly be expanded upon with the aid of experimental data (Chavko et al, 2007; Clemedson, 1956; Clemedson et al, 1956; Clemedson and Pettersson, 1956) to determine shock-wave transmission through bone and tissue.…”

Section: Defining Blast Injurymentioning

confidence: 99%

In-VitroApproaches for Studying Blast-Induced Traumatic Brain Injury

Chen

Smith

Meaney

2009

Journal of Neurotrauma

122

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Traumatic brain injury caused by explosive or blast events is currently divided into four phases: primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary blast injury. These phases of blast-induced traumatic brain injury (bTBI) are biomechanically distinct, and can be modeled in both in-vivo and in-vitro systems. The purpose of this review is to consider the mechanical phases of bTBI, how these phases are reproduced with in-vitro models, and to review findings from these models to assess how each phase of bTBI can be examined in more detail. Highlighted are some important gaps in the literature that may be addressed in the future to better identify the exact contributing mechanisms for bTBI. These in-vitro models, viewed in combination with in-vivo models and clinical studies, can be used to assess both the mechanisms and possible treatments for this type of trauma.

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Section: Defining Blast Injurymentioning

confidence: 99%

In-VitroApproaches for Studying Blast-Induced Traumatic Brain Injury

Chen

Smith

Meaney

2009

Journal of Neurotrauma

122

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“…It is well known that the blast wave produced by detonation of an explosive is characterized by extremely high peak pressure and short duration [1]. Investigation of the produced pressure waves can be carried out by using Hydro-code equations [2]. The obtained results are validated by experimental outcomes as shown in Fig.(1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Effect of the Barrier Geometry on the Mitigation of Blast Waves

El-Sayed

Younes

El-Beblawy

2008

The International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanica

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In this paper, a numerical simulation using the commercially available AUTODYN 3D code is carried out to estimate the peak pressure behind a blast barrier. A 50 kg TNT charge source is employed to simulate the blast wave. Four different element geometries are used individually to model various shapes of barriers. These barrier models are constructed singly from plates, angle bars, I-beams or tubes. The pressuretime histories are recorded by using gauges located behind each barrier model. The obtained results are compared with the no-barrier case at the same locations. The influences of the boundary conditions, the cross-sectional dimensions, the spacing between elements and the amount of charge and its position are examined and evaluated. The outputs show that the peak pressure of the blast wave can be reduced depending on certain parameters chosen for the barrier design. KEY WORDSBlast

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“…• The computational explosion and blast assessment model proposed by Clutter and Stahl [31] is also a solid TNT model that uses only one element for the explosive. This is possible using several special methods in combination with the Becker-Kistiakowsky-Wilson EOS for the explosive.…”

Section: Simulation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Explosions in Complex Geometries — A Comparison of Several Approaches

Larcher

Casadei

2010

International Journal of Protective Structures

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The mission of the JRC-IPSC is to provide research results and to support EU policy-makers in their effort towards global security and towards protection of European citizens from accidents, deliberate attacks, fraud and illegal actions against EU policies. Legal NoticeNeither the European Commission nor any person acting on behalf of the Commission is responsible for the use which might be made of this publication. Europe Direct is a service to help you find answers to your questions about the European UnionFreephone number (*): 00 800 6 7 8 9 10 11 (*) Certain mobile telephone operators do not allow access to 00 800 numbers or these calls may be billed.A great deal of additional information on the European Union is available on the Internet. Reproduction is authorised provided the source is acknowledged Printed in ItalyExplosions in complex geometries -a comparison of several approaches Martin Larcher, Folco Casadei AbstractFor the design and calculation of structures loaded by air blast waves, especially from inside the structure, assumptions on the applied load are needed. This paper presents several simulation methods for the air blast loading of structures and their ability to be used for complex geometries. Experimental-analytical pressure-time functions of spherical load conditions applied to the structure by disregarding the air are not applicable in such cases because they do not account for reflections, shadowing and channelling effects. Fluid calculations, which model also the solid explosive, are very expensive due to the extremely small elements for the explosive and the air nearby.This paper therefore presents a review of a well-known simulation method, which uses a balloon with compressed air instead of the explosive. A procedure is developed which makes it possible to determine the overpressure of such a balloon for a given size of the explosive more accurately than before. The pressure-time function and the impulse-distance function of calculations using this method show good correspondence with experimental-analytical data. The functioning of the method is verified against experimental results.

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Hydrocode simulations of air and water shocks for facility vulnerability assessments

Cited by 26 publications

References 11 publications

In-VitroApproaches for Studying Blast-Induced Traumatic Brain Injury

In-VitroApproaches for Studying Blast-Induced Traumatic Brain Injury

Effect of the Barrier Geometry on the Mitigation of Blast Waves

Explosions in Complex Geometries — A Comparison of Several Approaches

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