Hydrodemetallation Catalyst Deactivation—effect of Metals Accumulation on Hydrogenation and Hydrogenolysis Activities

Mechanistic studies of initial decay of hydrodemetallization catalysts using model compounds—effects of adsorption of metal species on alumina support

“…The probable cases were stabilizing the catalysts in the first place [46,49,51], loading the catalysts with metal deposits prior to the experiments [34,35,37,41], using an extremely high LHSV or a very large ratio of feed to catalyst [48,50], and employing a very high feed concentration accompanying the crushed catalysts [36,47]. With respect to the catalyst properties, the most important factor was the relatively active strength between the adsorption and the reaction.…”

“…However, it has been reported that the activity of HDM catalysts does not change significantly after loaded 2-100 wt% metals during the catalytic demetallization of model compounds [35][36][37]. On the contrary, bare alumina supports or very low initial activity catalysts obtain a certain catalytic activity with the buildup of metal sulfides on the surface in hydroprocessing real petroleum feedstocks or model compounds [38][39][40][41].…”