Hydrodeoxygenation of lignin-derived phenolics – a review on the active sites of supported metal catalysts

Wang, Xinchao; Arai, Masahiko; Wu, Qifan; Zhang, Chao; Zhao, Fengyu

doi:10.1039/d0gc02610g

Cited by 172 publications

(131 citation statements)

References 243 publications

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“…It seems that the presence of platinum has advantageous effect on reducibility of RuO 2 and NiO on zeolite Beta: the reducibility of Ru was increased, whereas nickel could be reduced at much lower temperature. Platinum is also reduced below 200 • C in this system, which suggest that Pt is in the form of easily reducible oxidic nanoparticles [20]. Pt in ion-exchange positions would be reducible over 250 • C. TPR-TG curves of the metal-containing mono-and bimetallic catalysts are displayed in Figure 3.…”

Section: Physico-chemical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 90%

Hydrodemethoxylation/Dealkylation on Bifunctional Nanosized Zeolite Beta

et al. 2021

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Mono-, and bimetallic Ni-, Ru-, and Pt-modified nanosized Beta zeolite catalysts were prepared by the post synthesis method and characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), nitrogen physisorption, HRTEM microscopy, temperature-programmed reduction (TPR-TGA), ATR FT-IR spectroscopy, and by solid-state MAS-NMR spectroscopy. The presence of nanosized nickel-oxide, ruthenium-oxide, and platinum species was detected on the catalysts. The presence of Brønsted and Lewis acid sites, and incorporation of nickel ions into zeolite lattice was proven by FT-IR of adsorbed pyridine. The structural changes in the catalyst matrix were investigated by solid state NMR spectroscopy. The catalysts were used in a gas-phase hydrodemethoxylation and dealkylation of 2-methoxy-4-propylphenol as a lignin derivative molecule for phenol synthesis.

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Section: Physico-chemical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 90%

Hydrodemethoxylation/Dealkylation on Bifunctional Nanosized Zeolite Beta

et al. 2021

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“…Moreover, compared with carbohydrate‐derived biofuels (ethanol, chain alkanes, and so on), lignin oils as feedstock can potentially produce cycloalkanes and aromatics which possess higher energy density [18] . Hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) catalysts and processes have been extensively studied to upgrade the phenolics to hydrocarbons (C8–C9) with gasoline range hydrocarbons [16, 19–25] …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photocatalytic Upgrading of Lignin Oil to Diesel Precursors and Hydrogen

et al. 2021

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Producing renewable biofuels from biomass is a promising way to meet future energy demand. Here, we demonstrated a lignin to diesel route via dimerization of the lignin oil followed by hydrodeoxygenation. The lignin oil undergoes CÀC bond dehydrogenative coupling over Au/CdS photocatalyst under visible light irradiation, co-generating diesel precursors and hydrogen. The Au nanoparticles loaded on CdS can effectively restrain the recombination of photogenerated electrons and holes, thus improving the efficiency of the dimerization reaction. About 2.4 mmol g catal À1 h À1 dimers and 1.6 mmol g catal À1 h À1 H 2 were generated over Au/CdS, which is about 12 and 6.5 times over CdS, respectively. The diesel precursors are finally converted into C16-C18 cycloalkanes or aromatics via hydrodeoxygenation reaction using Pd/C or porous CoMoS catalyst, respectively. The conversion of pine sawdust to diesel was performed to demonstrate the feasibility of the lignin-to-diesel route.Scheme 1. The Scheme for upgrading of lignin oil.

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“…Because of the enormous use of petroleum, hydrogen and nitric acid in the current process, the production of adipic acid from biomass has been intensively investigated in these days. Other production methods of adipic acid from biomass include (i) conversion of hydrocarbons produced by BTL (biomass to liquid; combination of biomass gasification and Fischer-Tropsch synthesis) [77] in petrochemical processes, (ii) production of K-A oil by reduction of biomass pyrolysis oil (bio-oil) [78][79][80][81][82][83], (iii) direct production of adipic acid by fermentation [84], (iv) hydrodeoxygenation of sugar acids produced by oxidation of sugars [85][86][87][88][89][90][91][92], (v) extension of carbon chain of C5 biomass-derived platform chemicals such as γ-valerolactone by hydroformylation or carboxylation [93][94][95][96], and (vi) oxidative cleavage of 1,2-difunctionalized cyclohexanes produced by reduction of bio-oil [97][98][99][100]. Low yield from raw biomass (methods (i), (ii), (iii) and (vi)) and large number of steps (methods (i), (ii), (9) (v) and (vi)) are the main problems of these methods.…”

Section: Comparison With Systems Using Other Biomass-derived Substratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reductive Conversion of Biomass-Derived Furancarboxylic Acids with Retention of Carboxylic Acid Moiety

Nakagawa

Yabushita

Tomishige

2021

Trans. Tianjin Univ.

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Catalytic reduction systems of 2-furancarboxylic acid (FCA) and 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) with H2 without reduction of the carboxyl groups are reviewed. FCA and FDCA are produced from furfural and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural which are important platform chemicals in biomass conversions. Furan ring hydrogenation to tetrahydrofuran-2-carboxylic acid (THFCA) and tetrahydrofuran-2,5-dicarboxylic acid (THFDCA) easily proceeds over Pd catalysts. Hydrogenolysis of one C–O bond in the furan ring produces 5-hydroxyvaleric acid (5-HVA) and 2-hydroxyadipic acid. 2-Hydroxyvaleric acid is not produced in the reported systems. 5-HVA can be produced as the lactone form (δ-valerolactone; DVL) or as the esters depending on the solvent. These reactions proceed over Pt catalysts with good yields (~ 70%) at optimized conditions. Hydrogenolysis of two C–O bonds in the furan ring produces valeric acid and adipic acid, the latter of which is a very important chemical in industry and its production from biomass is of high importance. Adipic acid from FDCA can be produced directly over Pt-MoOx catalyst, indirectly via hydrogenation and hydrodeoxygenation as one-pot reaction using the combination of Pt and acid catalysts such as Pt/niobium oxide, or indirectly via two-step reaction composed of hydrogenation catalyzed by Pd and hydrodeoxygenation catalyzed by iodide ion in acidic conditions. Only the two-step method can give good yield of adipic acid at present.

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Hydrodeoxygenation of lignin-derived phenolics – a review on the active sites of supported metal catalysts

Abstract: Hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of lignin-derived phenolic compounds is one of the most promising strategies for the practical conversion of biomass materials to chemicals and fuels. Several consecutive and parallel reactions such...

Cited by 172 publications

References 243 publications

Hydrodemethoxylation/Dealkylation on Bifunctional Nanosized Zeolite Beta

Hydrodemethoxylation/Dealkylation on Bifunctional Nanosized Zeolite Beta

Photocatalytic Upgrading of Lignin Oil to Diesel Precursors and Hydrogen

Reductive Conversion of Biomass-Derived Furancarboxylic Acids with Retention of Carboxylic Acid Moiety

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