Hydrodynamic effects in tanks containing layered liquids

Abstract

As a supplementto a recently reported study, thehydrodynamicwallpressures and theassociated tankforces inducedby horizontal groundshakingina rigid, vertical, circular cylindrical tank containing liquid layers of different thicknesses and mass densities areexamined, and comprehensive numerical solutions arepresented fortwolayered and some three-layered systemswhichelucidate theunderlying response mechanismsand the effects ofthe various parameters involved. Both the impulsive and convective actions arestudied. Additionally, solutions arepresented formulti-layered systemsapproximating a liquid withan exponential, continuous variation indensity, and theinterrelationship ofthesolutions forthecontinuous systemand its discretized, layered approximation isdiscussed.

State-of-the-Art Review on the Seismic Performance Assessment of On-Ground Steel Cylindrical Tanks

“…Therefore, considering the shell deformability might change the impulsive pressure distribution along the tank height compared to rigid tanks. However, such differences are insignificant where the content's height-todiameter ratio is less than 1 [10,16]. In other words, shell flexibility effects are negligible in comparatively broad tanks, especially thicker ones, but they are significant in notably slender ones [10,18].…”

“…The structural and dynamical characteristics, such as the natural period, can be calculated using the procedures presented in [13,14]. Several researchers extended this idea by reducing the simplified assumptions [14][15][16]. For instance, Veletsos [14] developed a simple procedure to extend Housner's model for flexible tanks.…”