Hydroethanolic plant extracts from Cameroon positively modulate enzymes relevant to carbohydrate/lipid digestion and cardio-metabolic diseases

Abstract

Cameroonian plant extracts inhibit enzymes involved in digestion of sugars and fats, showing potential relevance for cardio-metabolic diseases.

Oxidative Stress Modulation by Cameroonian Spice Extracts in HepG2 Cells: Involvement of Nrf2 and Improvement of Glucose Uptake

“…The phytochemical profiling of extracts deriving from the different species described indicated a wide compositional variability, with specimens (fruits or seeds) from some species showing the presence of a few or single dominating components (e.g., Monodora myristica seeds and Tetrapleura tetraptera fruits) and others containing a complex mix of structurally related and unrelated substances (e.g., fruits from Xylopia parviflora and Aframomum citratum). A few previous studies have reported inconsistent information regarding some of the plant parts from the species investigated in this study, and the details have been discussed elsewhere [12]. However, it is worth noting that the hydroalcoholic extract of Xylopia parviflora, which exhibited the simultaneous presence of potent antioxidant compounds such as caffeic acid derivatives and gallotannins, was the only spice extract found to be mostly active in all the assays employed in this study.…”

“…In conclusion, in the present study, we found that some Cameroonian spice extracts were able to rescue the ROS-induced intracellular impairment of glucose uptake. The observed potent antioxidant capability of most spice extracts may also be beneficial for several pathological conditions involving increased oxidative stress (chronic inflammation, atherosclerosis, cancer), in addition to improving insulin sensitivity, and may be coupled with our recent work showing their positive modulation of enzymes relevant to carbohydrate/lipid digestion and cardiometabolic diseases [12]. Moreover, the analytical data allowed the identification of some bioactive compounds that could justify the observed biological activities and that should be further characterized using more detailed analytical technologies.…”

“…Therefore, counteracting this pathophysiological event on a long-term basis may be beneficial for subjects at risk of T2DM as well as for patients with insulin resistance, T2DM, and metabolic syndrome, together with drug therapy if appropriate. Interestingly, the antioxidant properties of some Cameroonian plants, including 7 out of 11 spices considered here, have been evaluated in experimental models [12,[27][28][29][30], although no information in this respect was available for the remaining four plants. Based on these considerations, the effect of spice extracts on oxidative-stress-induced reduction of glucose uptake, as an experimental paradigm of insulin resistance, was assessed in HepG2 cells.…”

“…Material from the 11 plants (nutritional spices) was extracted according to the reported protocol [12]. The extraction yield from fruits was 6.4-49.2%, from seeds was 7.1-32.7%, and from root samples was 13.1% ( Table 1).…”

Hydromethanolic Extracts from Adansonia digitata L. Edible Parts Positively Modulate Pathophysiological Mechanisms Related to the Metabolic Syndrome

“…The enzyme inhibition assays were conducted according to the protocol described in the Worthington enzyme manual, with some modifications [ 29 ]. For the alpha-amylase inhibition assay, each food extract was diluted in a range of 0.01 to 40.00 mg/mL.…”