Hydrogel from acellular porcine adipose tissue promotes survival of adipose tissue transplantation

Abstract

Lipofilling is a popular technique for soft tissue augmentation, limited by unpredictable graft survival. This study aimed at exploring the effect of hydrogel from acellular porcine adipose tissue (HAPA) on angiogenesis and survival of adipose tissue used for lipofilling. The effect of HAPA on adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) proliferation, adipogenic differentiation, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) secretion were evaluated in hypoxia and normoxia in vitro. For the in vivo study, adipose tissue with phosphate buffered saline, ADSCs, and HAPA (with or without ADSCs) were co-injected subcutaneously into nude mice. HAPA–ADSCs mixture (tissue engineering adipose tissue) was also grafted. Gross observation, volume measurement, and ultrasound observation were assessed. For histological assessment, hematoxylin and eosin, perilipin, cluster of differentiation 31 (CD31), Ki67, and transferase-mediated d-UTP nick end labelling (TUNEL) staining were performed. HAPA improved ADSCs proliferation, VEGF secretion, and adipogenic differentiation under normoxia and hypoxia conditions in vitro study. For the in vivo study, HAPA showed improved volume retention and angiogenesis, and reduced cell apoptosis when compared to ADSCs-assisted lipofilling and pure lipofilling. In conclusion, HAPA could maintain ADSCs viability and improve cell resistant to hypoxia and might be a promising biomaterial to assist lipofilling.

Transplantation of beige adipose organoids fabricated using adipose acellular matrix hydrogel improves metabolic dysfunction in high‐fat diet‐induced obesity and type 2 diabetes mice

“…Additionally, acellular adipose matrix can facilitate tissue regeneration by modulating cellular functions such as the inflammatory response, cell migration, and progenitor cell differentiation (Liu et al, 2022). Obtaining an acellular matrix from liposuction is feasible, and fat‐derived acellular hydrogels have been shown to promote both adipocyte differentiation and vascularization (Getova et al, 2019; Kayabolen et al, 2017; Lee et al, 2021; Liu et al, 2021). While the mechanisms by which extracellular matrices play roles in stem cell differentiation and fate determination remain unclear, they retain physical signals such as spatial topological structures, stiffness, adhesion, elasticity, and bioactive molecules including endogenous growth factors (Liu et al, 2023; Zhu et al, 2023).…”

Promotion of diced cartilage survival and regeneration with grafting of small intestinal submucosa loaded with urine‐derived stem cells

“…The SIS has been widely used in recent years as a tissue engineering material, partly for it is degradable and can release various cytokines including VEGF, b‐FGF, TGF‐β and TNF‐α, 24 which in turn can induce cascade reactions and recruit various cells from surrounding tissues to promote tissue repairing. 53 Therefore, it has shown to promote wound healing, 54 gastric ulcer healing, 27 laparoscopic paraoesophageal hernia repairing 55 and tracheal repairing. 30 It can also promote chondrogenesis and cartilage regeneration.…”