Hydrogen cogeneration with Generation IV nuclear power plants

Jianu, Ofelia A.; Naterer, G.F.; Rosen, Marc A.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-100149-3.00019-7

Cited by 4 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The efficiency of this cycle depends on the ability of electrode materials to produce hydrogen, electrolytic solution, and the performance of each part [133]. The maximum efficiency of this cycle has been reported to be about 49%, but it decreases over several cycles [103].…”

Section: Cu-cl Cyclementioning

confidence: 98%

“…As shown in Figure 6, the Westinghouse cycle or Hybrid Sulfur (HyS) cycle is a twostep process for hydrogen generation using thermochemical and electrochemical technologies widely investigated for large-scale hydrogen production. The thermochemical and electrochemical steps occur at temperatures higher than 800 °C and 80-120 °C, respectively [133]. The following reaction can be written for this cycle [133,134]: The following reaction can be written for this cycle [133,134]:…”

Section: Hybrid Sulfur Cyclementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The thermochemical and electrochemical steps occur at temperatures higher than 800 °C and 80-120 °C, respectively [133]. The following reaction can be written for this cycle [133,134]: The following reaction can be written for this cycle [133,134]:…”

Section: Hybrid Sulfur Cyclementioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, reaction ( 17) is an exothermic reaction, and the final products of the electrochemical oxidation of sulfur dioxide are sulfuric acid and hydrogen. At the end of this process, hydrogen is separated, purified, and extracted from the process, while sulfuric acid is re-circulated within the process [133,135]. This cycle consists of three significant steps: (20 bar), where sulfur dioxide is liquid and can be separated from the oxygen gas.…”

Section: Hybrid Sulfur Cyclementioning

confidence: 99%

“…A schematic illustration of the two-step cycle is shown in Figure 8. The reactions of a sample four-step cycle can be written as follows [103,133]:…”

Section: Cu-cl Cyclementioning

confidence: 99%

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A Review on Recent Progress in the Integrated Green Hydrogen Production Processes

2022

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The thermochemical water-splitting method is a promising technology for efficiently converting renewable thermal energy sources into green hydrogen. This technique is primarily based on recirculating an active material, capable of experiencing multiple reduction-oxidation (redox) steps through an integrated cycle to convert water into separate streams of hydrogen and oxygen. The thermochemical cycles are divided into two main categories according to their operating temperatures, namely low-temperature cycles (<1100 °C) and high-temperature cycles (<1100 °C). The copper chlorine cycle offers relatively higher efficiency and lower costs for hydrogen production among the low-temperature processes. In contrast, the zinc oxide and ferrite cycles show great potential for developing large-scale high-temperature cycles. Although, several challenges, such as energy storage capacity, durability, cost-effectiveness, etc., should be addressed before scaling up these technologies into commercial plants for hydrogen production. This review critically examines various aspects of the most promising thermochemical water-splitting cycles, with a particular focus on their capabilities to produce green hydrogen with high performance, redox pairs stability, and the technology maturity and readiness for commercial use.

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Section: Cu-cl Cyclementioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Hybrid Sulfur Cyclementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hybrid Sulfur Cyclementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hybrid Sulfur Cyclementioning

confidence: 99%

“…A schematic illustration of the two-step cycle is shown in Figure 8. The reactions of a sample four-step cycle can be written as follows [103,133]:…”

Section: Cu-cl Cyclementioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

A Review on Recent Progress in the Integrated Green Hydrogen Production Processes

2022

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Thermodynamic analysis and optimization for steam methane reforming hydrogen production system using high temperature gas-cooled reactor pebble-bed module

Zhang

et al. 2021

Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology

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Increasing Revenue of Nuclear Power Plants With Thermal Storage

Borowiec

Wysocki

Shaner

et al. 2019

Journal of Energy Resources Technology

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Introducing large amounts of electricity produced from variable renewable energy sources such as wind and solar decreases wholesale electricity price while increasing the volatility of the market. These conditions drive the need for peak-load power generation, while regulation requirements fuel the push for flexible power generation. The increase of variable renewable energy in the market share, along with falling natural gas prices, makes nuclear power plants less competitive. Thermal storage is being considered to increase the nuclear power plant revenue. Thermal storage increases the flexibility of the nuclear plant system without sacrificing its efficiency. There are multiple opportunities to increase the nuclear power plant revenue, including increased capacity payments, arbitrage, and ancillary services. An economic analysis was performed to investigate the revenue increase of the system with thermal storage. The investment cost was assessed, and net present value was evaluated for the considered scenarios. Two system designs were considered in the analysis: a thermal storage system using the existing power conversion infrastructure and an integrated design with thermal storage fully incorporated into the reactor system design. The preliminary analysis showed that introducing a thermal storage system is profitable for some scenarios considered. Profitability depends significantly on the storage size, output flexibility, share of variable renewable energy, and market characteristics.

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Hydrogen cogeneration with Generation IV nuclear power plants

Cited by 4 publications

References 43 publications

A Review on Recent Progress in the Integrated Green Hydrogen Production Processes

A Review on Recent Progress in the Integrated Green Hydrogen Production Processes

Thermodynamic analysis and optimization for steam methane reforming hydrogen production system using high temperature gas-cooled reactor pebble-bed module

Increasing Revenue of Nuclear Power Plants With Thermal Storage

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