Hydrogen diffusion into three metallurgical microstructures of a C–Mn X65 and low alloy F22 sour service steel pipelines

Fallahmohammadi, Ehsan; Bolzoni, F.; Fumagalli, G.; Re, G.; Benassi, G.; Lazzari, Luciano

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2014.06.122

Cited by 65 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Perhaps the plastic deformation produced around these defects favored nucleation and propagation of internal and surface cracks, which contributed to the embrittlement of steel. This behavior is consistent with the literature, since many authors have reported the influence of hydrogen in the reduction in ductility and strength of steel [24][25][26][27] . Figure 9 shows the SEM micrographs of the fracture surfaces of the base metal (BM) test specimens, in asreceived (AR) condition.…”

Section: Effect Of Hydrogenation On Mechanical Propertiessupporting

confidence: 93%

Influence of Hydrogenation on Residual Stresses of Pipeline Steel Welded Joints

et al. 2016

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Hydrogen embrittlement is a phenomenon that affects the performance of steel used for oil and gas pipelines. This paper presents a study of the effect of hydrogenation on the residual stresses of an API 5L X65 steel pipe. Residual stresses were analyzed by X-ray diffraction technique using the sin 2 Ψ method. The hydrogenation of base metal and welded joint specimens was performed by electrochemical tests in a simulated soil solution NS4. Results show that the hydrogenation led to significant changes in residual stress configuration and in the mechanical properties of steel. The hydrogenation increased the magnitude of the longitudinal residual stress of base metal and fusion zone, without changing the tensile/compressive nature. On the other hand, the hydrogenation increased the intensity of the tangential stress of base metal, and changed from compressive to tensile the residual stress of the fusion zone. The microstructural characterization by optical and scanning electron microscopy was used to complement this study.

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Section: Effect Of Hydrogenation On Mechanical Propertiessupporting

confidence: 93%

Influence of Hydrogenation on Residual Stresses of Pipeline Steel Welded Joints

et al. 2016

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“…However, it is important to note that heat treatment does not change the distribution and chemical composition of the inclusions inside the bulk. Then, the grain boundaries, dislocations, and inclusions can act not only as hydrogen traps, but also as obstacles to physical diffusion through the metal [43].…”

Section: Quenched Base Metal (Qbm)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, these processes contribute for any factors such as large changes in the microstructure due to the spot heat incidence, phase additions, phase changes, precipitation, residual stresses, discontinuities in the matrix, and many others according to Han et al [6]. According to Fallahmohammadi et al [43], hydrogen diffusion decreases when the grains size decreases. Analyzing Figures 2 and 13, WM had small size of grains compared to the other microstructures, causing less hydrogen permeation rate.…”

Section: Weld Metal (Wm)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Microstructure on Hydrogen Diffusion in Weld and API X52 Pipeline Steel Base Metals under Cathodic Protection

Souza

Pereira

Starling

et al. 2017

International Journal of Corrosion

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The aim of this research was to evaluate the influence of microstructure on hydrogen permeation of weld and API X52 base metal under cathodic protection. The microstructures analyzed were of the API X52, as received, quenched, and annealed, and the welded zone. The test was performed in base metal (BM), quenched base metal (QBM), annealed base metal (ABM), and weld metal (WM). Hydrogen permeation flows were evaluated using electrochemical tests in a Devanathan cell. The potentiodynamic polarization curves were carried out to evaluate the corrosion resistance of each microstructure. All tests were carried out in synthetic soil solutions NS4 and NS4 + sodium thiosulfate at 25 ∘ C. The sodium thiosulfate was used to simulate sulfate reduction bacteria (SRB). Through polarization, assays established that the microstructure does not influence the corrosion resistance. The permeation tests showed that weld metal had lower hydrogen flow than base metal as received, quenched, and annealed.

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“…The hydrogen diffusivity (D) is taken as 7:5 Â 10 À11 ðm 2 =sÞ in Fig. 1, adopted from [31], and loading frequency is taken as 1 Hz in all diagrams. Thus the time between two subsequent jumps is one second.…”

Section: Hydrogen Concentration Ahead a Moving Crack Tipmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Paris’ law for estimation of hydrogen-assisted fatigue crack growth

Rajabipour

Melchers

2015

International Journal of Fatigue

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a b s t r a c tBased on the general form of Paris' law a new method is proposed for estimating the rate of cracking of metals under Hydrogen-Assisted Fatigue. It is based on relating the fatigue crack growth rate of hydrogen embrittled metal to the fatigue crack growth rate of the metal without hydrogen embrittlement. One-dimensional hydrogen diffusion is assumed. Simulations using the proposed method on steel types X52, X70-80 and X80 are in agreement with published experimental tests results. The new method obviates numerical modelling of crack propagation and much reduces the computational costs.

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Hydrogen diffusion into three metallurgical microstructures of a C–Mn X65 and low alloy F22 sour service steel pipelines

Cited by 65 publications

References 30 publications

Influence of Hydrogenation on Residual Stresses of Pipeline Steel Welded Joints

Influence of Hydrogenation on Residual Stresses of Pipeline Steel Welded Joints

Effect of Microstructure on Hydrogen Diffusion in Weld and API X52 Pipeline Steel Base Metals under Cathodic Protection

Application of Paris’ law for estimation of hydrogen-assisted fatigue crack growth

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