Hydrogen embrittlement in the duplex stainless steel Z2CND2205 hydrogen-charged at 200°C

Iacoviello, Francesco; Habashi, M.; Cavallini, M.

doi:10.1016/s0921-5093(96)10545-1

Cited by 24 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Indeed, hydrogen diffusivity measured by electrochemical methods is reported to be greater in duplex alloys than austenitic alloys. [13][14][15][16] Finite-element diffusion calculations [17,18] for austenitic stainless steels exposed to 138 MPa hydrogen gas at 573 K demonstrate that 7 days is sufficient time for achieving hydrogen concentrations at the center of 6.5-mm-diameter round cylinders that are greater achieving hydrogen concentrations at the center of 6.5-mm-diameter round cylinders that are greater than 90 pct of the surface concentration. In contrast, longer.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Properties of Super Duplex Stainless Steel 2507 after Gas Phase Thermal Precharging with Hydrogen

Marchi

Somerday

Zelinski³

et al. 2007

Metall Mater Trans A

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Thermal precharging of super duplex stainless steel 2507 with 125 wppm hydrogen significantly reduced tensile ductility and fracture toughness. Strain-hardened 2507 exhibited more severe ductility loss compared to the annealed microstructure. The reduction of area (RA) was between 80 and 85 pct for both microstructures in the noncharged condition, while reductions of area were 25 and 46 pct for the strain-hardened and annealed microstructures, respectively, after hydrogen precharging. Similar to the effect of internal hydrogen on tensile ductility, fracture toughness of strain-hardened 2507 was lowered from nearly 300 MPa m 1/2 in the noncharged condition to less than 60 MPa m 1/2 in the hydrogen-precharged condition. While precharging 2507 with hydrogen results in a considerable reduction in ductility and toughness, the absolute values are similar to high-strength austenitic steels that have been tested under the same conditions, and which are generally considered acceptable for high-pressure hydrogen gas systems. The fracture mode in hydrogen-precharged 2507 involved cleavage cracking of the ferrite phase and ductile fracture along oblique planes in the austenite phase, compared to 100 pct microvoid coalescence in the absence of hydrogen. Predictions from a strain-based micromechanical fracture toughness model were in good agreement with the measured fracture toughness of hydrogen-precharged 2507, implying a governing role of austenite for resistance to hydrogenassisted fracture.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Properties of Super Duplex Stainless Steel 2507 after Gas Phase Thermal Precharging with Hydrogen

Marchi

Somerday

Zelinski³

et al. 2007

Metall Mater Trans A

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“…Therefore, fcc materials that have a low hydrogen content, with low diffusivity properties, were considered resistant to hydrogen embrittlement. This undesirable phenomenon can ultimately have an unfavorable effect on mechanical properties, with very harmful consequences due to exposure to an environment containing hydrogen [14][15][16][17].…”

Section: Microstructural Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen interaction in ultrafine grain duplex stainless steel 2205 aged after cold rolling

Fernandes¹,

Abreu²,

Claeys³

et al. 2021

Tecnol. Metal. Mater. Min.

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Duplex stainless steels (DSS) have a microstructure of ferrite and austenite. These alloys have a high strength combined with ductility and good corrosion resistance. They are widely used in the petrochemical, paper and nuclear industries. However, like other stainless steels, they are susceptible to hydrogen embrittlement (HE). DSS 2205 samples were received under the condition of homogenization annealing (1050°C for 300 s and cooling in water). Then, they were cold rolled to 60% thickness reduction and annealed at 1100°C for 7200 s and aged at 850°C for 86400 s, then charged with hydrogen. Melt extraction analyzes were applied to quantify the hydrogen in the steel. In situ tensile tests, with simultaneous hydrogen charging, were used to assess the embrittlement caused by this element. Completing the hydrogen analyzes, thermal desorption spectra (TDS) were constructed. In the aged condition, the phases ferrite, austenite, sigma (σ), chi (χ) and carbide (M 23 C 6 ) were identified. The DSS showed a considerable reduction in ductility, reaching 5% total elongation in the aged state. Hydrogen charging did not change this condition. Melt extraction revealed a hydrogen content in the microstructure of up to 50 wppm for the annealed condition, while for the aged sample it was 10 wppm.

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“…Thus, Equations (10)- (14) can be used to describe the apparent hydrogen diffusivity and solubility of α -containing ASSs. To further valid Equations (10) and (13), Figure 14 shows a summary of experimental data available in literatures [1,2,50,[56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69] including the typical duplex materials.…”

Section: Theoretical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some researchers have also suggested relations to describe the apparent hydrogen diffusivity of duplex materials. For instance, Equation (18) is another simple series model used by Iacoviello et al [69,70], Equation (19) is the model used by Bernabai and Torella [71], Hsu et al [72], and He et al [62]. These two models do not include solubility item.…”

Section: Most Of the Experimental Data Follow A Near-linear Relation mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of α′ Martensite Content Induced by Tensile Plastic Prestrain on Hydrogen Transport and Hydrogen Embrittlement of 304L Austenitic Stainless Steel

Wang

2018

Metals

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Effects of microstructural changes induced by prestraining on hydrogen transport and hydrogen embrittlement (HE) of austenitic stainless steels were studied by hydrogen precharging and tensile testing. Prestrains higher than 20% at 20 °C significantly enhance the HE of 304L steel, as they induce severe α′ martensite transformation, accelerating hydrogen transport and hydrogen entry during subsequent hydrogen exposure. In contrast, 304L steel prestrained at 50 and 80 °C and 316L steel prestrained at 20 °C exhibit less HE, due to less α′ after prestraining. The increase of dislocations after prestraining has a negligible influence on apparent hydrogen diffusivity compared with pre-existing α′. The deformation twins in heavily prestrained 304L steel can modify HE mechanism by assisting intergranular (IG) fracture. Regardless of temperature and prestrain level, HE and apparent diffusivity ( D app ) increase monotonously with α′ volume fraction ( f α ′ ). D app can be described as log D app = log ( D α ′ s α ′ / s γ ) + log [ f α ′ / ( 1 − f α ′ ) ] for 10 % < f α ′ < 90 % , with D α ′ is diffusivity in α′, s α ′ and s γ are solubility in α′ and austenite, respectively. The two equations can also be applied to these more typical duplex materials containing both BCC and FCC phases.

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Hydrogen embrittlement in the duplex stainless steel Z2CND2205 hydrogen-charged at 200°C

Cited by 24 publications

References 7 publications

Mechanical Properties of Super Duplex Stainless Steel 2507 after Gas Phase Thermal Precharging with Hydrogen

Mechanical Properties of Super Duplex Stainless Steel 2507 after Gas Phase Thermal Precharging with Hydrogen

Hydrogen interaction in ultrafine grain duplex stainless steel 2205 aged after cold rolling

Effect of α′ Martensite Content Induced by Tensile Plastic Prestrain on Hydrogen Transport and Hydrogen Embrittlement of 304L Austenitic Stainless Steel

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