Hydrogen Embrittlement of 316L Stainless Steels Exposed in 1.0M Hydrochloric Acid Solution

Abstract

This paper aims to determine the different sources of hydrogen that cause hydrogen embrittlement in ferrous materials. The 316L stainless steel was selected as the research object, and subjected to immersion and electrochemical tests in 1.0M HCl solution. The hardness and tensile strength of the test samples were measured before and after hydrogen embrittlement. The hydrogen, which exists in the form of hydrides, was detected through Xray diffractometry (XRD), while the fracture profile and microstructure of the samples were observed through optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. The results show that the hydrogen ions diffused into the surface of the steel, forming iron hydrides. In this way, the hardness of the steel was enhanced, and brittle failure occurred under tensile load; the amount of hydrides and the probability of hydrogen embrittlement increase with the immersion time in the acid solution; the sample immersed in 1.0M HCl for one day presented the most prominent hydrogen embrittlement, i.e. the highest hardness and lowest ductility. The research results provide insights into the occurrence of hydrogen embrittlement in ferrous materials.

Coupling between tectonic activity and diagenetic evolution of a clastic buried hill—a case study from Gubei low buried hill in Jiyang Depression of Bohai Bay Basin

“…Drawing on the previous studies, this paper analyzes the diagenesis of the Permian tight sandstone reservoirs in Gubei low buried hill, Jiyang Depression, and discusses the coupling between buried hill tectonic activity and diagenetic evolution. The following analysis and testing methods were adopted to facilitate the research: core observation, casting sheet observation, X-ray diffractometry (XRD) (Hadi et al 2019;Rathanasalam et al 2019;Yan et al 2020), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) (Al Owais and El-Hallag 2020;Merizgui et al 2019;Wang et al 2019), and energy spectrum analysis. The research results provide a reference for the exploration and development of clastic buried hills.…”

Microstructure, Mechanical and Tribological Behaviour of Aisi 316l Stainless Steel During Salt Bath Nitriding

“…Austenitic stainless steel is one of the four categories of stainless steel alloy: austenitic [1], ferritic [2], martensitic and duplex [3,4]. The austenitic group of stainless steel has a major composition of chromium, nickel, manganese steel, and minor amounts of other additional alloy elements [5,6].…”