Hydrogen embrittlement susceptibility of laser-hardened 4140 steel

Tsay, L.W.; Lin, Zhicheng; Shiue, Ren-Kae; Chen, C

doi:10.1016/s0921-5093(00)00950-3

Cited by 18 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…According to the above references, laser hardening was mostly used. This study will combine plasma hardening with response surface methodology to study parameter optimization, the hardening effect can be achieved at a lower cost, but there is no related study at present [11,12]. Reviewing data published in the literature reveals that the phenomenon reported in this paper has not surface hardening of the Plasma and lathe integration observed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Development Research on Integrating CNC Machine Tool with Plasma for On-line Surface Heat Treatment

Chen¹,

Wang²

2021

Preprint

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The mechanical engineering requires heat treatment after rough machining to reach the mechanical strength, but the heat treatment can induce workpiece deformation, so that the workpiece cannot be reworked. In this study, the plasma was integrated with a lathe, and the on line heat treatment was performed to achieve the mechanical strength and hardness, so as to reduce the machining process and handling. However, for on line heat treatment, it is important to study the machine and plasma parameters of the lathe and plasma, and the research method is used eventually to optimize the process, reduce the machining cost and machining error. The variable factors in surface on line real-time heat treatment are revolution, feed rate and current, the objective function is the hardness of mechanical properties. In the screening experiment, the interaction of factors was discussed using full factorial experiment. The Central Composite Design was combined with the Lack-of-Fit test for optimization experiment, the R2 coefficient was used to determine whether the regression model is appropriate. The optimum parameters were derived from the contour diagram and response surface diagram. The experimental results show that the significant factors include revolution, feed rate and current, the optimum parameters include revolution 168rpm, feed rate 0.068mm/rev and current 86A. The experimental results of optimum parameters show that the surface hardness is increased from 306HLD to 806HLD, the surface hardening effect is enhanced by 163%, so the on line real-time heat treatment equipment has a best hardening effect.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Development Research on Integrating CNC Machine Tool with Plasma for On-line Surface Heat Treatment

Chen¹,

Wang²

2021

Preprint

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“…Esa comparación proporciona Índices de Fragilización por Hidrógeno (IFH) que, cuando próximos de la unidad, indican baja susceptibilidad (o resistencia) y, cuanto más próximos del cero, susceptibilidad más alta. Esa susceptibilidad también puede ser relacionada con el cambio en los modos de fractura (Tsay et al, 2000). Los IFH obtenidos luego de la comparación de la ductilidad de los aceros ensayados, con y sin hidrógeno, fueron: 1,02 para el X60 y 0,98 para el X80, lo que permite afirmar que, para las condiciones del ensayo realizado, el acero X60 es resistente a la FHA y que el X80 es poco susceptible a ese fenómeno.…”

Section: Permeación Electroquímicaunclassified

Fragilización por Hidrógeno de los Aceros API 5L X60 y API 5L X80

et al. 2011

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ResumenSe ha determinado el comportamiento mecánico de los aceros API 5L grados X60 y X80, fragilizados por hidrógeno ambiental y por hidrógeno interno. El potencial y la densidad de corriente para la generación del hidrógeno fueron determinados por polarización potenciodinámica, y el tiempo de saturación estimado a partir de datos de difusividad y solubilidad obtenidos en ensayos de permeación con una célula electroquímica. La carga de hidrógeno para reproducir las condiciones de la fragilización por hidrógeno ambiental y fragilización por hidrógeno interno fue realizada generando un gradiente de concentración para el primer caso, y generando gradientes de concentración y de tensiones para el segundo. Luego de los ensayos de tracción se verificò que, en las condiciones definidas en este trabajo, el modo de fractura en ambos tipos de fragilización fue predominantemente dúctil. Ademàs, los dos aceros mostraron una susceptibilidad baja o moderada a la fragilización por hidrógeno ambiental, no siendo susceptibles a la fragilización por hidrógeno interno. Palabras clave: fragilización por hidrógeno, polarización potenciodinámica, acero API 5L X60, acero API 5L X80 Hydrogen Embrittlement of API 5L X60 and API 5L X80 Steels AbstractThe mechanical behavior of the API 5L X60 and X80 grade steels under environmental hydrogen embrittlement effect and internal hydrogen embrittlement effect was determined. The potential and current density for hydrogen generation were determined by potentiodynamic polarization. The saturation time was estimated from diffusivity and solubility data, obtained from permeation tests with an electrochemical cell. The hydrogen charge to reproduce the conditions of the environmental hydrogen embrittlement and the internal hydrogen embrittlement was performed by generating a concentration gradient in the first case, and a concentration and stress gradients in the second case. After the tensile tests it was verified that in the defined tests conditions, the fracture mode in both types of embrittlement was predominantly ductile. Also, both steels showed low or moderate susceptibility to environmental hydrogen embrittlement, not being susceptible to internal hydrogen embrittlement. Tecnológica Vol. 22(6), 129-140 (2011) (ASM, 1987). La FHA ocurre por la adsorción de hidrógeno molecular generado en una atmósfera hidrogenada, o por una reacción de corrosión, y su absorción en el reticulado cristalino luego de su disociación a la forma atómica. La FHI ocurre en ausencia de una atmósfera hidrogenada y es causada por el hidrógeno que ingresa en el reticulado durante la producción del acero y en algunos de los procesos de fabricación de las estructuras, como la soldadura, antes de las pruebas o del inicio del servicio. Ese ingreso es facilitado debido a que la solubilidad del hidrógeno en el metal fundido es mucho más alta que cuando está en estado sólido. Una vez en el reticulado, y en presencia de tensiones, el hidrógeno fragiliza el material luego de un período de tiempo que es función de la concen...

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“…Liu [50][51][52] demonstrated that converting the phase of a material could reduce the hydrogen permeation into the bulk. The laser peening treatment could be used as a phase transformer if the ablative layer was not used.…”

Section: Recommendations For Further Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Laser Peening Effects on Hydrogen Charged Stainless Steels

Zaleski

2008

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Zaleski, Tania M., "Investigation of laser peening effects on hydrogen charged stainless steels" (2008). In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. This study investigated the effect of laser peening on hydrogen penetration into metal alloys. Three areas were studied: laser peening, hydrogenation, and hydrogen detection. This study demonstrated that laser peening does not reduce the hydrogen permeation into a stainless steel surface nor does it prevent hydrogen embrittlement. The effect of laser peening to reduce hydrogen-assisted fatigue was unclear. ® UMI

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Hydrogen embrittlement susceptibility of laser-hardened 4140 steel

Cited by 18 publications

References 28 publications

Development Research on Integrating CNC Machine Tool with Plasma for On-line Surface Heat Treatment

Development Research on Integrating CNC Machine Tool with Plasma for On-line Surface Heat Treatment

Fragilización por Hidrógeno de los Aceros API 5L X60 y API 5L X80

Investigation of Laser Peening Effects on Hydrogen Charged Stainless Steels

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