Hydrogen generation through water splitting reaction using waste aluminum in presence of gallium

Tekade, Shyam P.; Pednekar, Amit S.; Jadhav, Gaurav R.; Kalekar, Sunny E.; Shende, Diwakar Z.; Wasewar, Kailas L.

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2019.09.026

Cited by 35 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Al is the most abundant commercially viable metal, theoretically producing 1360 mL/g of hydrogen in a standard atmosphere. 21,23,[20][21][22][23][24][25][26] Synthesized Al(OH) 3 will catalyze and promote hydrogen generation from the Al/H 2 O system reaction. We demonstrated the synthesized Al(OH) 3 powder effect on the metallic Al and H 2 O reaction rate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Improved hydrogen generation from Al/water reaction using different synthesized Al( OH ) ₃ catalyst crystalline phases

Prabu

Wang

2021

Int J Energy Res

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The catalytic influence of different crystalline phases of aluminum hydroxide nanoparticles for the hydrogen generation from the reaction of Al and water is described. In this study, different aluminum hydroxide powder crystalline phases (mixed-phase, bayerite phase, gibbsite phase), (Al(OH) 3 ), were distinctly prepared using precipitation methods in different solvents (methanol, ethanol, and HNO 3 ) at room temperature (25 C). Interestingly, the materials synthesized using ethanol and HNO 3 showed bayerite. Using methanol as the solvent showed a gibbsite phase confirmed by X-ray diffraction, XPS, Raman spectroscopy, and field emission spectroscopy (FESEM). Hydrogen generation using small crystal sized bayerite phase and mixed-phase show higher catalytic efficiency than the pure and large gibbsite phase powders and the catalytic effect of different crystalline Al(OH) 3 catalysts in the order of mixed phase>bayerite phase>gibbsite phase. The bayerite phase catalyst displayed the highest yield (100%) within 2 hours, but the gibbsite phase showed around 60% to 70% yield for a long time of 15 hours. However, more gibbsite phaseorientation would have strong catalytic power when it is small and plate-like thin layer (S.No.4, mixed phases).~100% yield of hydrogen can be produced from 1 g Al/100 g water system within~40 minutes using 1 g synthesized Al(OH) 3 (S.No.4). This work delivers a novel technique to generate hydrogen for movable devices.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Al 2 O 3 is finally converted into Al(OH) 3 . Al is the most abundant commercially viable metal, theoretically producing 1360 mL/g of hydrogen in a standard atmosphere 21,23,20‐26 . Synthesized Al(OH) 3 will catalyze and promote hydrogen generation from the Al/H 2 O system reaction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved hydrogen generation from Al/water reaction using different synthesized Al( OH ) ₃ catalyst crystalline phases

Prabu

Wang

2021

Int J Energy Res

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“…Recently, hydrogen production from aluminum‐water reaction has attracted widespread attention due to its ability to solve the hydrogen storage and transportation problems 10‐14 . Aluminum is abundant in the earth's crust and has a high energy storage capacity 15‐17 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, hydrogen production from aluminum-water reaction has attracted widespread attention due to its ability to solve the hydrogen storage and transportation problems. [10][11][12][13][14] Aluminum is abundant in the earth's crust and has a high energy storage capacity. [15][16][17] Theoretically, 1 g of aluminum reacts with water can produce 1360 mL of hydrogen under the condition of 1 atm and 25 C, which is higher than the hydrogen production of the same amount of Mg, Zn, and Fe.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and characterization of the Al‐Ga‐In‐Sn‐KCl composites for hydrogen generation

et al. 2021

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The production of hydrogen through the aluminum‐water reaction has received increasing attention in recent years. In this study, a series of Al‐Ga‐In‐Sn‐KCl composites were prepared by mechanical ball milling for hydrogen generation. The effects of composite composition and preparation process on hydrogen generation are studied. It is determined that the optimal ball milling time for the Al‐6Ga‐2In‐1Sn‐1KCl, Al‐5Ga‐2In‐1Sn‐2KCl, and Al‐4Ga‐2In‐1Sn‐3KCl composites to reach their maximum hydrogen yield is 4, 7, and 9 hours, respectively. In particular, the 7 hours milled Al‐5Ga‐2In‐1Sn‐2KCl composite exhibits the best hydrogen generation properties among all composites, achieving a hydrogen yield of 1127 mL g−1 in pure water at 25°C. The microstructure characterization results show that the intermetallic compound In3Sn is formed in these three composites, and the three composites exhibit different morphologies due to their different compositions and different milling times. The effect of initial water temperature is also studied, and the best milled Al‐6Ga‐2In‐1Sn‐1KCl and Al‐5Ga‐2In‐1Sn‐2KCl composites are completely hydrolyzed as the water temperature rises to 60°C. Due to their good hydrogen production capacity, these composites are expected to become an energy source for real‐time hydrogen supply.

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“…Through theoretical calculations, the amount of hydrogen produced per 1 g of Al can reach 1.244 L. Nevertheless, a fine and close oxide film easily forms on the pure Al surface which impedes the subsequent reaction of Al hydrolysis. Several treatment measures have been taken to activate Al as follows [11][12][13][14]: alkali aqueous activation, nano/micro-crystallization of Al, and mixing particular metallic oxide or mineral salts. Nevertheless, these processing ways have certain disadvantages, e.g., acid or alkaline solution is extremely corrosive and the pre-preparation work of milling is time consuming.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Study on Zn-Doped Al-Rich Alloys for Fast on-Board Hydrogen Production

Liú

Gao

et al. 2020

Crystals

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For the purpose of investigating the effect of Zn replacement of In3Sn on the hydrogen production performance of Al-rich alloy ingots, Al-Ga-In3Sn alloys with various Zn dosages (0–5 wt.%) were prepared by a traditional melting and casting technique. The phase compositions and microstructures were characterized using X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) with an Energy Dispersed X-ray system (EDS). The SEM results indicate that, with a small amount of Zn instead of In3Sn, the number and total area of grain boundary (GB) phases will decrease gradually, and the average single GB area will eventually stabilize. The distribution of Zn in the alloy is similar to that of Ga, and an area with high Zn content appeared in the high-Zn-doped sample. The melting behaviors of Al with other metals were measured by DSC. The reaction of these alloys and water were investigated at different temperatures. Compared with Al-Ga-In3Sn alloy, low addition of Zn changed the composition of GB phase and increased the maximum hydrogen production rate. The reason for the changes in the hydrolysis reaction of Al with the addition of Zn was discussed.

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Hydrogen generation through water splitting reaction using waste aluminum in presence of gallium

Cited by 35 publications

References 52 publications

Improved hydrogen generation from Al/water reaction using different synthesized Al( OH ) ₃ catalyst crystalline phases

Improved hydrogen generation from Al/water reaction using different synthesized Al( OH ) ₃ catalyst crystalline phases

Preparation and characterization of the Al‐Ga‐In‐Sn‐KCl composites for hydrogen generation

Experimental Study on Zn-Doped Al-Rich Alloys for Fast on-Board Hydrogen Production

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Hydrogen generation through water splitting reaction using waste aluminum in presence of gallium

Cited by 35 publications

References 52 publications

Improved hydrogen generation from Al/water reaction using different synthesized Al( OH ) 3 catalyst crystalline phases

Improved hydrogen generation from Al/water reaction using different synthesized Al( OH ) 3 catalyst crystalline phases

Preparation and characterization of the Al‐Ga‐In‐Sn‐KCl composites for hydrogen generation

Experimental Study on Zn-Doped Al-Rich Alloys for Fast on-Board Hydrogen Production

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Improved hydrogen generation from Al/water reaction using different synthesized Al( OH ) ₃ catalyst crystalline phases

Improved hydrogen generation from Al/water reaction using different synthesized Al( OH ) ₃ catalyst crystalline phases