Hydrogen injection in BWR and related radiation chemistry

Hydrogen-involved tensile and cyclic deformation behavior of low-alloy pressure vessel steel

“…Another possible hydrogen source may be hydrogen water chemistry (HWC), which has been used as a remedial measure to protect the BWR structural components against intergranular stress corrosion cracking. [7][8][9][10][11] It has been shown that 1 to 2 ppm hydrogen in the feedwater was sufficient to reduce the oxygen level in the recirculation system to an acceptable level. [9,10,11] To confidently select and take advantage of the candidate materials and to safely manage the pressure boundary components in power plants, it is necessary to investigate the hydrogen-involved effects in the pressure vessel steels as fully as possible and to clarify the related mechanisms.…”

“…[7][8][9][10][11] It has been shown that 1 to 2 ppm hydrogen in the feedwater was sufficient to reduce the oxygen level in the recirculation system to an acceptable level. [9,10,11] To confidently select and take advantage of the candidate materials and to safely manage the pressure boundary components in power plants, it is necessary to investigate the hydrogen-involved effects in the pressure vessel steels as fully as possible and to clarify the related mechanisms. Furthermore, even if the hydrogen sources mentioned previously in high-temperature water environments may not be dangerous for the pressure boundary components made of low-alloy steels, their intrinsic effects on the materials' deformation behavior are of considerable fundamental and practical interest.…”

Analysis of water radiolysis in relation to stress corrosion cracking of stainless steel at high temperatures – Effect of water radiolysis on limiting current densities of anodic and cathodic reactions under irradiation

“…Most of the data in these tables are taken from the previous literature [5,6]. It is to be noted that reactions (46) and (47) that have not been considered in the earlier modeling [6]. These two reactions, especially reaction (46), were shown to give a large impact to the calculation results [5].…”

“…The rate constants and G values for the primary species by gamma rays and neutrons at 280°C used for the calculations are shown in Tables 1 and 2, respectively. Most of the data in these tables are taken from the previous literature [5,6]. It is to be noted that reactions (46) and (47) that have not been considered in the earlier modeling [6].…”

Zirconium Alloys in Nuclear Applications

“…Then a general reduction of stable radiolytic species occurs and a reduction in corrosion rate of thin oxide ensues. However this effect is not as efficient in boiling conditions compared to pressurized ones, due to the segregation of H 2 in the steam phase (Ishigure et al, 1987).…”