Hydrogen permeation and diffusion in a 0.2C–13Cr martensitic stainless steel

Embrittlement of T-200 maraging steel in a hydrogen sulfide solution

“…It has been reported that hydrogen permeation properties can be related to the material microstructures [28][29][30]. Xu et al [29] reported that dislocations are the dominant trapping sites for hydrogen in a low carbon martensite.…”

“…It has been reported that hydrogen permeation properties can be related to the material microstructures [28][29][30]. Xu et al [29] reported that dislocations are the dominant trapping sites for hydrogen in a low carbon martensite. 18Ni maraging steel in the peaked-aged condition contains three types of trapping sites [31]: (1) intermetallic precipitates, Ni 3 Ti and Ni 3 Mo, appear to be reversible traps; (2) martensite boundaries are possibly quasi-irreversible traps; (3) TiC/Ti(CN) particles are thought to be irreversible traps.…”

Gaseous hydrogen embrittlement of PH 13-8 Mo steel

“…The difference in FCGRs between specimens with the same yield strength strongly suggests that the microstructures play an important role in affecting the fatigue crack growth behavior of the alloy in hydrogen. It is known that the trapping of hydrogen in the specimen, especially with beneficial strong traps such as austenite in the steel, can decrease hydrogen diffusivity [18,19] and delay the accumulation of hydrogen in the region ahead of the notch tip [19]. Thus, it was anticipated that the sensitivity to hydrogen-accelerated crack growth and hydrogen-induced cracking could be lower for the over-aged specimens.…”

Model of local hydrogen permeability in stainless steel with two coexisting structures

“…First, hydrogen diffusion through a single-crystal phase (pure austenite or pure martensite) was simulated to evaluate diffusion coefficients for hydrogen. The initial concentrations ( C , at x = 0) for austenite and martensite were estimated by the solubilities of austenite and martensite 14 , 15 with the hydrogen pressure in the hydrogen compartment, to which the bottom surface of the sample faced. We assume the units of each permeation pattern to be as shown in Fig.…”

“…Hydrogen diffusion coefficients D for austenite and martensite were obtained by Eq. ( 2 ), using D 0 = 5.76 × 10 −7 m 2 /s and E d = 5.36 × 10 4 J/mol for austenite 14 , and D 0 = 2.82 × 10 −7 m 2 /s and E d = 3.44 × 10 4 J/mol for martensite 15 . We considered martensite/austenite mixtures with one to four interfaces between phases (see Fig.…”