Hydrogen permeation barriers and preparation techniques: A review

Abstract

In the hydrogen energy industry, penetration of hydrogen into storage and transportation materials is a big problem because the process causes cracks, equipment damage, hydrogen leakage, failure, and even explosion. Hydrogen permeation barriers are, thus, necessary to improve the hydrogen resistance of materials and new coating materials and fabrication techniques are being explored. In this review, recent progress in the research of hydrogen permeation barriers is reviewed in terms of both the materials and preparation technology. The current research progress is first discussed based on traditional barriers such as metals and ceramics. Recent development of two-dimensional materials and composite coatings is described and the hydrogen resistance mechanism is discussed. The advantages and limitations of six common preparation methods: physical vapor deposition, chemical vapor deposition, solgel method, plasma spraying, electrochemical deposition, and plasma electrolytic oxidation are compared. Novel composite coatings with “hydrogen storage and barrier” structures are attractive and constitute one of the future research directions.

Effects of hydrogen permeation on the mechanical characteristics of electroless nickel-plated free-cutting steel for application to the hydrogen valves of hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles

“…In particular, the surface roughness before hydrogen permeation was 1.055 μm, and after hydrogen permeation for 24 h, it increased approximately twice to a maximum of 2.184 μm. In general, hydrogen solubility and the hydrogen diffusion coefficient are very important factors as plating characteristics to prevent hydrogen permeation [ 46 ]. In the case of electroless nickel plating, the hydrogen diffusion coefficient is very low because of the inherent characteristics of nickel [ 29 ].…”

Hydrogen Embrittlement as a Conspicuous Material Challenge─Comprehensive Review and Future Directions

“…The advantages and disadvantages of these different types of H permeation barriers, along with the data of H permeability of some barrier coatings, are summarized in Figure to guide future research efforts in this field. The detailed information of these H permeation barriers and their fabrication methods have been thoroughly reviewed in recent publications (e.g., refs and ). Here we mainly contemplate a few shortcomings associated with this HE mitigating method.…”

“…Currently developed H (or its isotopes) permeation barriers can be classified roughly into four groups: ceramic (oxides, carbides and nitrides) coatings, metal coatings, two-dimensional materials coatings and composite coatings. 864 The advantages and disadvantages of these different types of H permeation barriers, along with the data of H permeability of some barrier coatings, are summarized in Figure 54 to guide future research efforts in this field. The detailed information of these H permeation barriers and their fabrication methods have been thoroughly reviewed in recent publications (e.g., refs 864 and 866).…”

Mechanism and Evaluation of Hydrogen Permeation Barriers: A Critical Review

“…The hydrogen permeation issue has attracted attention, addition of hydrogen barring coatings as the most cost-effective solution has been proposed, and related reviews are available. − However, a comprehensive review regarding the most recent development in this area is still necessary. In this review paper, we will try to give a complete overview of hydrogen permeation barriers, examining in detail the following aspects: (1) the investigation of hydrogen permeation models and hydrogen barring mechanisms of different coatings, (2) the classification and exemplification of the current hydrogen barriers based on the proposed mechanisms, (3) the analysis of the influencing factors, and (4) the consequent discussion on the evaluation methods for assessing the quality of the hydrogen barriers and elaboration of the current problems that need to be overcome.…”