Hydrogen peroxide potentiates defense system in presence of sulfur to protect chloroplast damage and photosynthesis of wheat under drought stress

Abstract

The involvement of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) combined with sulfur (S) was studied in the protection of the photosynthetic performance of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under drought stress. The mechanisms of S-assimilation, the activity of antioxidants, glucose sensitivity, water and osmotic relations and abscisic acid (ABA) content were the focus. The combined application of 50 μM H 2 O 2 and 100 mg S kg −1 soil (sulfur) resulted in a marked increase in S-assimilation and activity of antioxidant enzymes, with decreased glucose sensitivity and ABA content causing improvement in the structure and function of the photosynthetic apparatus under drought stress. The photosynthetic performance, pigment system (PS) II activity, and growth were improved conspicuously by H 2 O 2 in the presence of S, as H 2 O 2 induced S-assimilation capacity, the activity of antioxidant enzymes, and GSH synthesis under drought stress. Our study shows that H 2 O 2 is more effective in the reversal of drought stress in the presence of S through its influence on S-assimilation, glucose sensitivity, and antioxidant system. These results provide evidence for the effectiveness of H 2 O 2 in improving photosynthesis under drought stress in the presence of S. | INTRODUCTIONDrought with annual precipitation of about <400 mm and low soil moisture content is regarded as environmental stress in crop plants

Early Detection of Aphid Infestation and Insect-Plant Interaction Assessment in Wheat Using a Low-Cost Electronic Nose (E-Nose), Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and Machine Learning Modeling

“…Having no statistical differences in physiological data for the baseline with no insects for all plants ( Table 1 ) helped ascertain that those initial conditions were similar for all the plants considered in the study, and no other stresses were present. Differences in physiological data after the introduction of insects in different treatments followed a variable pattern with not much difference for the photosynthetic rate (A), which is expected since plants compensate by either maintaining or increasing in some conditions A due to abiotic [ 40 , 41 ] or biotic stresses such as aphid attack [ 42 ].…”

Pretreatment with H2O2 Alleviates the Negative Impacts of NaCl Stress on Seed Germination of Tartary Buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum)

“…There were some reports on the use of H 2 O 2 to improve seed germination. For example, H 2 O 2 application at suitable concentrations alleviated the inhibition of pistachio seed germination under salt stress [ 21 ]; reduced the oxidative damage to rape seedlings under low-temperature conditions [ 9 ]; and enhanced the growth of wheat and the efficiency of its antioxidant defense systems under drought stress [ 22 ]. Due to differences in crop varieties and treatment methods, the optimal concentration at which exogenous H 2 O 2 should be applied to alleviate NaCl stress is also diverse.…”

Integrative Analysis of Transcriptomic and Physiological Reveals Drought Adaption Strategies in Different Maize Genotypes

“…Photosynthesis, a most basic physiological process, provide vital energy for various biological activities. Previous reports showed that drought can inhibit photosynthetic efficiency on maize [26,27], rice [28] , wheat [29] and other photosynthetic plants. In this study, a major number of genes related to Chl metabolism, light energy transfer and carbon fixation were significantly affected at the transcription level.…”