Hydrogen Production from High Temperature Pyrolysis/Steam Reforming of Waste Biomass: Rice Husk, Sugar Cane Bagasse, and Wheat Straw

Abstract

Hydrogen production from pyrolysis, steam reforming, and catalytic steam reforming of sugar cane bagasse, wheat straw, and rice husk were investigated using a two stage pyrolysis-reforming system. Biomass samples were pyrolyzed in the first stage, and the volatiles and liquids were reformed in the second stage in the presence of steam. During all experiments, a high temperature of 950 °C was chosen for both the pyrolysis and reforming stages. As compared to low temperatures, pyrolysis/reforming carried out at higher temperature showed higher gas yields, particularly hydrogen gas yield. In addition, dolomite and 10 wt % Ni-dolomite were used to investigate the catalytic steam reforming of the biomass. In terms of hydrogen production, steam reforming using 10 wt % Ni-dolomite was the most effective, producing 25.44, 25.41, and 24.47 mmol of hydrogen per gram for rice husk, sugar cane bagasse, and wheat straw, respectively. The amount of deposited carbon on the reacted catalyst was from 1.31 wt % to 10.13 wt % and was in the form of amorphous and graphitic carbon. Relatively lower carbon deposits were found on the 10 wt % Ni-dolomite as compared to the calcined dolomite. XRD analysis of the reacted catalyst showed the presence of Ni, NiO, and NiMgO2 phases for the 10 wt % Ni-dolomite. The highest hydrogen yield of 25.44 mmol g–1 was obtained from rice husk, and the highest hydrogen concentration in the gas mixture was found to be 59.14 vol % from rice husk using 10 wt % Ni-dolomite.

Gasification of bio-oil: Effects of equivalence ratio and gasifying agents on product distribution and gasification efficiency

“…However, it can be inferred that the unit cost for production of syngas from biomass pyrolysis/reforming was higher than from solid biomass gasification because the former was technically more complex than the latter. Based on a study by Wright et al, (2008) a plant of 4.04 Â 10 7 gge/a capacity (the optimal size) could produce Fischer-Tropsch liquids from solid biomass gasification to Fischer-Tropsch diesel at a unit cost of $1.77/gge (Waheed and Williams, 2013). Therefore, bio-oil gasification may be commercially more attractive than biomass pyrolysis/reforming.…”

Pyrolysis/reforming of rice husks with a Ni–dolomite catalyst: Influence of process conditions on syngas and hydrogen yield

“…However, hydrogen production from fossil fuels is considered unsustainable and alternative, more carbon-neutral sources for hydrogen production are under consideration [3]. Hydrogen may be produced from biomass via gasification/reforming processes [4][5][6][7]. The process of biomass gasification/reforming is still developing and there are challenges related to the upgrading and cleaning of the product synthesis gas.…”

“…In our previous work, we used a two-stage pyrolysis-catalytic reforming reactor system to compare the H2 yield from rice husks, sugarcane bagasse and wheat straw in the presence of dolomite and Ni-dolomite catalysts [6]. The second stage catalytic reforming was carried out at 950 °C and the results showed that H2 production was increased in the presence of the Ni-dolomite.…”

Recovery of D‐limonene through moderate temperature extraction and pyrolytic products from orange peels

“…22 Hydrogen production occurs at a high temperature (>600 ∘ C), and it is therefore related to the fourth peak. 30 Comparing the two behaviors shown in Fig. 3(A) and 3(B), it can be observed that the area of the first peak is lower in the case of R1_dried, thus confirming that a pre-treatment before extraction is able to remove a significant amount of moisture.…”

“…A de‐hydration and decarboxylation process then occurs at 180–360 °C, and this is followed by the primary pyrolysis (300–380 °C) and the secondary pyrolysis at a higher temperature . Hydrogen production occurs at a high temperature (>600 °C), and it is therefore related to the fourth peak …”