Hydrogen related failure of steels – a new aspect

Nagumo, Michihiko

doi:10.1179/026708304225019687

Cited by 471 publications

(211 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…disordering of the GB structure. It is commonly accepted that hydrogen in metals potentially stabilizes the point defects and enhances the generation of non-thermal equilibrium superabundant vacancies as reported by Nagumo et al [23,24], demonstrating a possibility that the agglomeration of those stabilized vacancies can result in the nucleation of microvoids along the GBs. Recently, Lawrence et al investigated the density of vacancies and vacancy clusters in hydrogen pre-charged single crystalline and polycrystalline pure nickel after tensile deformation by means of thermal desorption spectroscopy (TDA) and positron annihilation spectroscopy (PAS), and reported that polycrystalline material showed higher peak temperature in TDS and longer positron lifetime in PAS [25].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen-assisted fatigue crack propagation in a pure BCC iron. Part I: Intergranular crack propagation at relatively low stress intensities

et al. 2018

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Abstract. The role of hydrogen on intergranular (IG) fracture in hydrogen-assisted fatigue crack growth (HAFCG) of a pure iron at low stress intensity was discussed in terms of the microscopic deformation structures near crack propagation paths. The main cause of IG fracture was assumed to be the hydrogen-enhanced dislocation structure evolution and subsequent microvoids formation along the grain boundaries. Additionally, the impact of such IG cracking on the macroscopic FCG rate was evaluated according to the dependency of IG fracture propensity on the hydrogen gas pressure. It was first demonstrated that the increased hydrogen pressure results in the larger area fraction of IG and corresponding faster FCG rate. Moreover, gaseous hydrogen environment also had a positive influence on the FCG rate due to the absence of oxygen and water vapor. The macroscopic crack propagation rate was controlled by the competition process of said positive and negative effects.

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confidence: 99%

Hydrogen-assisted fatigue crack propagation in a pure BCC iron. Part I: Intergranular crack propagation at relatively low stress intensities

et al. 2018

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“…The mechanism of hydrogen diffusion through wear-induced nascent surfaces is supported by researchers who have found hydrogen to have diffused during RCF testing [5,9,[11][12][13] with measured concentrations of between 0.1 and 4.2 ppm [5,9,11], the concentration of hydrogen measured also being proportional to the wear on the steel during sliding tests [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…Popular mechanisms include hydrogen-enhanced localised plasticity (HELP), hydrogen enhancing the mobility of dislocations ahead of the crack tip resulting in localised plasticity, hydrogen-enhanced decohesion (HEDE), hydrogen increasing lattice strength by a reduction in cohesive binding energy lowering the stress required for cleavage and hydrogen-enhanced strain induces vacancy (HESIV), hydrogen diffusion towards vacancies and nanovoids, their formation being assisted under strain leading to ductile crack growth by localised slip [12,30,31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Desorption Analysis of Hydrogen in Non-hydrogen-Charged Rolling Contact Fatigue-Tested 100Cr6 Steel

et al. 2017

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Hydrogen diffusion during rolling contact fatigue (RCF) is considered a potential root cause or accelerator of white etching cracks (WECs) in wind turbine gearbox bearing steels. Hydrogen entry into the bearing steel during operation is thought to occur either through the contact surface itself or through cracks that breach the contact surface, in both cases by the decomposition of lubricant through catalytic reactions and/or tribochemical reactions of water. Thermal desorption analysis (TDA) using two experimental set-ups has been used to measure the hydrogen concentration in non-hydrogen-charged bearings over increasing RCF test durations for the first time. TDA on both instruments revealed that hydrogen diffused into the rolling elements, increasing concentrations being measured for longer test durations, with numerous WECs having formed. On the other hand, across all test durations, negligible concentrations of hydrogen were measured in the raceways, and correspondingly no WECs formed. Evidence for a relationship between hydrogen concentration and either the formation or the acceleration of WECs is shown in the rollers, as WECs increased in number and severity with increasing test duration. It is assumed that hydrogen diffusion occurred at wear-induced nascent surfaces or areas of heterogeneous/patchy tribofilm, since most WECs did not breach the contact surface, and those that did only had very small crack volumes for entry of lubricant to have occurred.

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“…According to [16], the increase in their concentration could lead to the increased stability of hydrides in the hydride-forming elements, to the enhancement of metal atom diffusion and, in some cases, to the enhancement of creep. The suggestion about the primary role of hydrogen-induced vacancies in hydrogen-related failure was made by Nagumo et al [17] in the framework of the hydrogen-enhanced straininduced vacancy model [18].…”

Section: Hydrogen Effect On Interaction Between the Lattice Defectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen-Induced Effects in Annealed and Prestrained 316L-Type Stainless Steel Studied by Mechanical Spectroscopy

Shyvaniuk¹

2016

Metallofiz. Noveishie Tekhnol.

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Annealed and tensile prestrained 316L-type stainless steel is studied by internal friction (IF) method. Low-frequency forced-vibration measurements of IF are carried out in the temperature range of 130-500 K before and after gaseous-hydrogen charging at 543 K and under three different pressures: 0.5, 10, and 100 MPa. Two complex multicomponent IF peaks at about 250 and 365 K are detected after preliminary tensile deformation in hydrogenfree material. As revealed, the low-temperature peak is of relaxation type, and the high-temperature one is a resonant peak. The effect of hydrogen content and hydrogen distribution on IF peaks' features, e.g., background, amplitude and thermal stability, is examined. An increase in stability of vacancies caused by hydrogen is suggested that follows from IF measurements after ageing at 473 K. As experimentally shown, the temperature drop of hydrogenation to 358 K leads to a marked shift of the high-temperature peak toward higher temperatures. A hypothesis about the cause underlying this phenomenon is proposed.За допомогою механічної спектроскопії, а саме, міряння внутрішнього тертя, досліджено неіржавійну сталь типу 316L у відпаленому та дефор-мованому розтягом станах. Низькочастотні міряння внутрішнього тертя на вимушених коливаннях проводилися в температурному діапазоні від 130 до 500 К перед і після газового наводнювання при 543 К та трьох зна-ченнях тиску водню: 0,5, 10 та 100 МПа. Після деформації розтягом у ви-хідному матеріалі виявлено два мультикомпонентних піки при темпера-турах біля 250 та 365 К. Показано, що низькотемпературний пік має ре-лаксаційну природу, в той час як високотемпературний пік відноситься до резонансних. Також було перевірено вплив вмісту водню та його розпо-ділу на властивості піків внутрішнього тертя, а саме, на їх фон, амплітуду та термічну стабільність. Сформульовано припущення про те, що водень сприяє стабілізації вакансій, що випливає із експериментальних дослі-джень наводненої та зістареної при 473 К сталі. Експериментально пока-зано, що зниження температури наводнювання до 358 К призводить до С помощью механической спектроскопии, а именно, измерения внутрен-него трения, исследована нержавеющая сталь типа 316L в отожжённом и деформированном растяжением состояниях. Низкочастотные измерения внутреннего трения на вынужденных колебаниях проведены в темпера-турном диапазоне от 130 до 500 К до и после газового наводороживания при 543 К и трёх значениях давления водорода: 0,5, 10 и 100 МПа. После деформации растяжением в исходном состоянии обнаружены два муль-тикомпонентных пика при температурах около 250 и 365 К. Показано, что низкотемпературный пик имеет релаксационную природу, в то время как высокотемпературный пик относится к резонансным. Также прове-рено влияние содержания водорода и его распределения на свойства пи-ков внутреннего трения, а именно, на их фон, амплитуду и термическую стабильность. Сформулировано предположение о том, что водород способ-ствует стабилизации вакансий, что следует из экспериментальных иссле-дований наводороженной и сос...

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Hydrogen related failure of steels – a new aspect

Cited by 471 publications

References 40 publications

Hydrogen-assisted fatigue crack propagation in a pure BCC iron. Part I: Intergranular crack propagation at relatively low stress intensities

Hydrogen-assisted fatigue crack propagation in a pure BCC iron. Part I: Intergranular crack propagation at relatively low stress intensities

Thermal Desorption Analysis of Hydrogen in Non-hydrogen-Charged Rolling Contact Fatigue-Tested 100Cr6 Steel

Hydrogen-Induced Effects in Annealed and Prestrained 316L-Type Stainless Steel Studied by Mechanical Spectroscopy

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