Hydrogen Sulfide, Nitric Oxide and a Molecular Mass 66 u Substance in the Exhaled Breath of Chronic Pancreatitis Patients

Morselli-Labate, Antonio Maria; Fantini, Lorenzo; Pezzilli, Raffaele

doi:10.1159/000108967

Cited by 42 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…If 10 M total sulfide in plasma equilibrated with alveolar gas, H 2 S should be readily detectable in exhaled air at a concentration of 22 ppm. However, reported levels of H 2 S in human exhaled (24) and end-expiratory air (34) are only ϳ50 ppb, Ͼ400-fold less than predicted. In fact, 22 ppm is within the range of H 2 S concentrations in the typical human flatus (18) and slightly higher than the Occupational Safety and Health Administration Permissible Exposure Limit (4).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Reappraisal of H₂S/sulfide concentration in vertebrate blood and its potential significance in ischemic preconditioning and vascular signaling

Whitfield¹,

Kreimier²,

Verdial³

et al. 2008

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

316

289

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Hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) is rapidly emerging as a biologically significant signaling molecule. Studies published before 2000 report low or undetectable H(2)S (usually as total sulfide) levels in blood or plasma, whereas recent work has reported sulfide concentrations between 10 and 300 microM, suggesting it acts as a circulating signal. In the first series of experiments, we used a recently developed polarographic sensor to measure the baseline level of endogenous H(2)S gas and turnover of exogenous H(2)S gas in real time in blood from numerous animals, including lamprey, trout, mouse, rat, pig, and cow. We found that, contrary to recent reports, H(2)S gas was essentially undetectable (<100 nM total sulfide) in all animals. Furthermore, exogenous sulfide was rapidly removed from blood, plasma, or 5% bovine serum albumin in vitro and from intact trout in vivo. To determine if blood H(2)S could transiently increase, we measured oxygen-dependent H(2)S production by trout hearts in vitro and in vivo. H(2)S has been shown to mediate ischemic preconditioning (IPC) in mammals. IPC is present in trout and, unlike mammals, the trout myocardium obtains its oxygen from relatively hypoxic systemic venous blood. In vitro, myocardial H(2)S production was inversely related to Po(2), whereas we failed to detect H(2)S in ventral aortic blood from either normoxic or hypoxic fish in vivo. These results provide an autocrine or paracrine mechanism for myocardial coupling of hypoxia to H(2)S in IPC, i.e., oxygen sensing, but they fail to provide any evidence that H(2)S signaling is mediated by the circulation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Reappraisal of H₂S/sulfide concentration in vertebrate blood and its potential significance in ischemic preconditioning and vascular signaling

Whitfield¹,

Kreimier²,

Verdial³

et al. 2008

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

316

289

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“…Moreover, the role of NO has been increasingly implicated in the pathogenesis of chronic pancreatitis [13]. Sever acute pancreatitis is associated with raised serum NO production in its early stage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment with ginkgo biloba extract protects rats against acute pancreatitis-associated lung injury by modulating alveolar macrophage

Yang

Bai

et al. 2014

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IntroductionAcute pancreatitis (AP) protease release induces lung parenchymal destruction via inflammatory mediators. Ginkgo biloba has been reported to have anti-inflammatory effects.AimTo evaluate the effect of ginkgo biloba extract on experimental acute pancreatitis-associated lung injury in the rat and to investigate the underlying mechanisms.Material and methodsAcute pancreatitis was induced in rats by injection of 5% sodium taurocholate into the biliary pancreatic duct. Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE) was administered and pancreas and lung injury were assessed by histological examination. Alveolar macrophages were harvested by bronchoalveolar lavage. Specificity fluorescent probe DAF-FM-DA was applied to observe nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability in alveolar macrophage. The expression of tumour necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) protein in alveolar macrophage was studied by ELISA.ResultsIn sodium taurocholate-induced acute pancreatitis, treatment with GBE significantly protected rats against lung injury associated with pancreatitis in histological sections. Ginkgo biloba extract had a tendency to down-regulate NO bioavailability compared with the AP group, but without statistical significance. Moreover, TNF-α and MIF at protein levels in alveolar macrophage with GBE treatment were decreased compared with the AP group.ConclusionsThese results suggest that GBE could effectively protect rats against acute pancreatitis-associated lung injury. The GBE may inhibit excessive activation of alveolar macrophages from acute pancreatitis-associated lung injury through down-regulation of generation of NO, TNF-α and MIF. These findings suggest that ginkgo biloba extract is a suitable candidate as an effective strategy against acute pancreatitis-associated lung injury.

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“…This finding implies that, in the human pancreas, pancreatic stellate cells may be stimulated early during chronic alcohol intake even in the absence of necroinflammation. The importance of oxidative stress in chronic pancreatitis patients has also been reported using breath analysis [24] . Using a mass spectrometer on breath samples from 31 patients with chronic pancreatitis (mainly alcoholics) and without pancreatic pain as compared to 11 healthy subjects, we found that the volatile compounds H2S, NO and malononitrile were significantly higher in chronic pancreatitis patients than in healthy subjects [25] .…”

Section: The Importance Of the Etiologymentioning

confidence: 97%

Etiology of chronic pancreatitis: Has it changed in the last decade?

Pezzilli¹

2009

WJG

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T h e e v i d e n c e f r o m r e c e n t s u r ve y s o n c h r o n i c pancreatitis carried out around the world shows that alcohol remains the main factor associated with chronic pancreatitis, even if at a frequency lower than that reported previously. It has further confirmed that heavy alcohol consumption and smoking are independent risk factors for chronic pancreatitis. Autoimmune pancreatitis accounts for 2%-4% of all forms of chronic pancreatitis, but this frequency will probably increase over the next few years. The rise in idiopathic chronic pancreatitis, especially in India, represents a black hole in recently published surveys. Despite the progress made so far regarding the possibility of establishing the hereditary forms of chronic pancreatitis and the recognition of autoimmune pancreatitis, it is possible that we are more inaccurate today than in the past in identifying the factors associated with chronic pancreatitis in our patients.

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Hydrogen Sulfide, Nitric Oxide and a Molecular Mass 66 u Substance in the Exhaled Breath of Chronic Pancreatitis Patients

Cited by 42 publications

References 42 publications

Reappraisal of H₂S/sulfide concentration in vertebrate blood and its potential significance in ischemic preconditioning and vascular signaling

Reappraisal of H₂S/sulfide concentration in vertebrate blood and its potential significance in ischemic preconditioning and vascular signaling

Treatment with ginkgo biloba extract protects rats against acute pancreatitis-associated lung injury by modulating alveolar macrophage

Etiology of chronic pancreatitis: Has it changed in the last decade?

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Hydrogen Sulfide, Nitric Oxide and a Molecular Mass 66 u Substance in the Exhaled Breath of Chronic Pancreatitis Patients

Cited by 42 publications

References 42 publications

Reappraisal of H2S/sulfide concentration in vertebrate blood and its potential significance in ischemic preconditioning and vascular signaling

Reappraisal of H2S/sulfide concentration in vertebrate blood and its potential significance in ischemic preconditioning and vascular signaling

Treatment with ginkgo biloba extract protects rats against acute pancreatitis-associated lung injury by modulating alveolar macrophage

Etiology of chronic pancreatitis: Has it changed in the last decade?

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Reappraisal of H₂S/sulfide concentration in vertebrate blood and its potential significance in ischemic preconditioning and vascular signaling

Reappraisal of H₂S/sulfide concentration in vertebrate blood and its potential significance in ischemic preconditioning and vascular signaling