Hydrogen Sulfide-Releasing Fibrous Membranes: Potential Patches for Stimulating Human Stem Cells Proliferation and Viability under Oxidative Stress

Abstract

The design of biomaterial platforms able to release bioactive molecules is mandatory in tissue repair and regenerative medicine. In this context, electrospinning is a user-friendly, versatile and low-cost technique, able to process different kinds of materials in micro- and nano-fibers with a large surface area-to-volume ratio for an optimal release of gaseous signaling molecules. Recently, the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of the endogenous gasotramsmitter hydrogen sulfide (H2S), as well as its ability to stimulate relevant biochemical processes on the growth of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), have been investigated. Therefore, in this work, new poly(lactic) acid fibrous membranes (PFM), doped and functionalized with H2S slow-releasing donors extracted from garlic, were synthetized. These innovative H2S-releasing mats were characterized for their morphological, thermal, mechanical, and biological properties. Their antimicrobial activity and effects on the in vitro human cardiac MSC growth, either in the presence or in the absence of oxidative stress, were here assessed. On the basis of the results here presented, these new H2S-releasing PFM could represent promising and low-cost scaffolds or patches for biomedical applications in tissue repair.

Hydrogen Sulfide as Potential Regulatory Gasotransmitter in Arthritic Diseases

“…H 2 S-releasing biomaterials can have several protective actions, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, angiogenesis, and vasodilation, thus improving the regenerative capacity of polymers. At the moment, there are few in vitro and in vivo studies on scaffolds able to release H 2 S. Scaffolds based on PCL and PLA were produced using an electrospinning technique, and they were respectively functionalized with N-benzoyl thio-benzamide (NSHD1) and phosphonamidothioate templates that generate H 2 S in a pH-controlled manner, as well as slow-releasing H 2 S donors extracted from garlic (GaOS and DADS) [159,165,166]. These three scaffolds showed protective effects on the oxidative damage of ROS and the ability to improve cell viability.…”

Replication of annulus fibrosus through fabrication and characterization of polyurethane and cellulose nanocrystal composite scaffolds

“…However, a comparison must also be made to current treatment options, such as spinal fusion surgery and total disc replacement, as well as current research in the field, such as cellular therapy and other tissue engineered scaffolds for IVD replacement, to better understand the novelty and viability of this study. [23][24][25][26][27]75,76 Spinal fusion surgery and total disc replacement offer little to no shock absorption or cushioning of loads applied to the spine, therefore, forces are redistributed to the adjacent IVDs, most often times leading to further degeneration. Along with these drawbacks, are the complete hindrance of individual movement between vertebrae for spinal fusion, and a lack of resistance during movement causing hypermobility in the joints for total disc replacement.…”

Recent Advances in Bioplastics: Application and Biodegradation

“…Biodegradable polymers have been at the forefront of research for biomedical applications in the last 50 years. The advancements have been seen in the areas of using biodegradable polymers as delivery vehicles for controlled drug release [76][77][78] and development of therapeutic devices [77][78][79], including implants and three-dimensional scaffolds for tissue engineering [80][81][82][83].…”