Hydrogen technologies for energy storage: A perspective

Stetson, Ned; Wieliczko, Marika

doi:10.1557/mre.2020.43

Cited by 25 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…This suggests that H 2 release from EtOH can be achieved at significantly lower reaction temperatures than those of cycloalkanes. Additionally, the enthalpy of dehydrogenation for EtOH is within the desirable range of ∼30 to 40 kJ/mol H 2 for establishing an equilibrium H 2 pressure in the temperature range of 80–120 °C and thermal management upon regeneration …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Another approach could be a diol, 1,4-butanediol (BDO) has a boiling point of 207 °C and a vapor pressure of 0.001 kPa at 27 °C. And as a result of the greater density, 1.02 g/cm 3 , BDO has a greater volumetric H 2 storage capacity of 46 kg H 2 /m 3 compared to that of 35 kg H 2 /m 3 for EtOH. Work in this area is currently underway.…”

Section: ■ Summary and Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The method for energy storage becomes incredibly important. Batteries are ill-suited due to cost and tendency to discharge over time making long-term storage challenging. , Green hydrogen, generated via electrolysis during the summer months, can be stored for operation in a fuel cell in the winter months with limited sunlight to generate the electricity requirements of a small microgrid, e.g., 100–200 MWh. One challenge is the low volumetric density of hydrogen, e.g., 4 kg H 2 /m 3 at 45 bar, requiring a significant footprint for seasonal storage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Alternatively, liquid organic hydrogen carriers (LOHCs), hydrogen-rich materials such as formic acid, aqueous formate salts, methylcyclohexane, perhydrocarbazole, and perhydro dibenzyl toluene, with a volumetric hydrogen density of 30–60 kg H 2 /m, − are a potential solution, as long as they are reversible, nontoxic, thermally stable for extended periods of time, and can compete economically with incumbent technology . An LOHC system requires a storage medium (preferably a liquid H 2 carrier) and an efficient catalyst to release H 2 from the carrier at rates sufficient to meet the power demand of a particular use case (Scheme ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…C H (l) 3 H (g) 3 Indeed, various molecular Ru(pincer) complexes catalyze H 2 release of EtOH to EtOAc with high product selectivity at mild reaction conditions of 80−100 °C. 12−14 Heterogeneous Cu nanoparticles on chromite, silica, and alumina support 15−18 also catalyzed this reaction in the gas phase at higher temperatures of 200−250 °C but suffer from irreversible C− C coupling reactions to form longer-chain organic molecules that will deplete the EtOH over time.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Ethanol as a Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carrier for Seasonal Microgrid Application: Catalysis, Theory, and Engineering Feasibility

Tran

Johnson

Brooks

et al. 2021

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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In this work, we describe the benefits and challenges of a green approach to seasonal energy storage using ethanol as a liquid organic hydrogen carrier (LOHC). We evaluate the cycling efficiency of hydrogen release from ethanol (EtOH) to form ethyl acetate (EtOAc) as the spent LOHC and the subsequent regeneration of EtOH from EtOAc catalyzed by a single molecular catalyst, Ru-MACHO, at a moderate pressure of H 2 , mild reaction temperature, and high selectivity. From experimental and computational studies, we were able to minimize catalyst deactivation, regenerate the active catalyst post reactions, and establish the energy profile of the deactivation pathway relative to the on-cycle pathway catalyzed by Ru-MACHO. Based upon these findings, we performed a reactor design analysis to determine the footprint of an EtOH-based storage system to provide 85 MWh of energy by storing 5 metric tons (MT) of H 2 . We conclude that the heating and cooling required to maintain H 2 partial pressure present a significant engineering challenge for widespread deployment of this system.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: ■ Summary and Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Ethanol as a Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carrier for Seasonal Microgrid Application: Catalysis, Theory, and Engineering Feasibility

Tran

Johnson

Brooks

et al. 2021

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Structure and Bonding of Titanium Alanate

Wu,

Ma,

Liu

et al. 2024

ChemistrySelect

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Titanium alanate Ti(AlH4)4 is a candidate material for high‐density hydrogen storage that thus far has been scarcely investigated. This study determines the low energy structures of Ti(AlH4)4 by adopting a global optimization algorithm combined with density functional theories, and systematically compares their stabilities, electronic structures, and bonding properties with Mg(AlH4)2 and Ca(AlH4)2. Compared to other compounds, Ti(AlH4)4 is less stable and the Ti−H bond is of covalent nature with strong polarities. The covalent Ti−H interaction can weaken the Al−H bonds. Because both the ionic and covalent interactions of the Al−H bonds are the weakest in Ti(AlH4)4, it is favorable for the desorption of hydrogen.

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