Hydrogen trapping phenomena in metals with B.C.C. and F.C.C. crystals structures by the desorption thermal analysis technique

Lee, Jun Young; Lee, S.M.

doi:10.1016/0257-8972(86)90087-3

Cited by 166 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Experimental work carried out by Takasawa et al [209] and Hejazi et al [71] suggested that a reduction in dislocation density and grain refinement is effective in reducing HE susceptibility. From these experiments, it is clear that ''trapping'' alone may be an insufficient predictor of HE experiments, as this is based upon a somewhat arbitrarily chosen binding energy cut-off [113]. However, it is important from a theoretical perspective to consider more complex local equilibrium scenarios [21], with both binding energy E B and trap density N T B , which may better predict HE behaviour.…”

Section: Hydrogen Embrittlement Mitigation Strategies and Design Of Nmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding and mitigating hydrogen embrittlement of steels: a review of experimental, modelling and design progress from atomistic to continuum

et al. 2018

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Hydrogen embrittlement is a complex phenomenon, involving several lengthand timescales, that affects a large class of metals. It can significantly reduce the ductility and load-bearing capacity and cause cracking and catastrophic brittle failures at stresses below the yield stress of susceptible materials. Despite a large research effort in attempting to understand the mechanisms of failure and in developing potential mitigating solutions, hydrogen embrittlement mechanisms are still not completely understood. There are controversial opinions in the literature regarding the underlying mechanisms and related experimental evidence supporting each of these theories. The aim of this paper is to provide a detailed review up to the current state of the art on the effect of hydrogen on the degradation of metals, with a particular focus on steels. Here, we describe the effect of hydrogen in steels from the atomistic to the continuum scale by reporting theoretical evidence supported by quantum calculation and modern experimental characterisation methods, macroscopic effects that influence the mechanical properties of steels and established damaging mechanisms for the embrittlement of steels. Furthermore, we give an insight into current approaches and new mitigation strategies used to design new steels resistant to hydrogen embrittlement.

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Section: Hydrogen Embrittlement Mitigation Strategies and Design Of Nmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding and mitigating hydrogen embrittlement of steels: a review of experimental, modelling and design progress from atomistic to continuum

et al. 2018

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“…[16][17][18] Many studies have been conducted to investigate the lattice dissolution and microstructural trapping of hydrogen in iron and its alloys. The electrochemical approaches are the ones of interest in the present study.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of an Electrochemical Procedure for Monitoring Hydrogen Sorption/Desorption in Steel

Özdirik

Baert

Depover

et al. 2017

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Hydrogen embrittlement leads to mechanical degradation of metals. Hence, hydrogen sorption/desorption properties of metals need to be characterized. An electrochemical procedure based on cyclic voltammetry (CV) and potentiostatic polarization is elaborated on plain-carbon steel. The procedure consists of first two consecutive CV cycles (pretreatment and reference CV), followed by cathodic H-charging, and subsequent CV scans to study and quantify the H-sorption/desorption. Best practice in this procedure is to perform all steps consecutively without interruption or sample manipulations between steps to avoid spontaneous H-loss. The H-related interaction with the steel is clearly identified in the CV and can be differentiated from the electrolyte contribution coming from thiourea. The study confirms the role of thiourea as H-recombination poison in alkaline solution, and also demonstrates that it contributes to the CV response. Additionally, various charging times are investigated to study the time to H-saturation, and also the scan rate during the CV procedure is varied to study time-related phenomena. Dedicated discharging experiments were included in the study to complement the CV data, giving additional insights in the H-steel interaction. Moreover, hydrogen related findings are successfully verified by using a complimentary method, i.e. hot extraction. The better understanding of the peaks in the CV and the continuous procedure result in a reliable methodology to characterize the H-sorption/desorption in steel. Hydrogen embrittlement is the phenomenon leading to mechanical degradation of metals, in particular, a loss of ductility and toughness. The intensity of hydrogen degradation depends on many factors related to the nature of hydrogen and the material itself. Hydrogen can be incorporated in steel during the manufacturing process as well as during various stages of its use. After hydrogen absorption, it diffuses into the microstructure and is distributed between interstitial sites in the metal lattice and its structural defects. The hydrogen in the microstructure can roughly be classified in two forms, diffusible and trapped hydrogen.1 Although the term diffusible hydrogen has multiple descriptions in literature, it can be considered as the hydrogen that can move between lattice positions within a reasonable time frame according to the laws of diffusion. On the other hand, hydrogen that resides for a longer time near microstructural inhomogeneities (interfaces, grain boundaries, precipitates) as well as hydrogen accumulated in micro cracks and blisters, is called trapped.2 Depending on the binding energy of hydrogen to the trapping sites, trapped hydrogen can be classified as reversible or irreversible. [3][4][5][6] To study the hydrogen-trap interaction, thermal desorption spectroscopy (TDS) can be used. By means of this method, an activation energy of the traps can be determined and the traps can be categorized as reversible or irreversible, as studied in e.g. Refs. 7-15. For instance, MnS inclusions wit...

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“…The diffusion of hydrogen in steels is affected by the microstructure of the steel: the phase or phases present, grain boundaries, grain shapes, vacancies and dislocations, interfaces with nonmetallic inclusions, precipitate particles and voids [1][2][3]. These features can reduce the mobility of hydrogen by acting as traps.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of microstructure and composition on hydrogen permeation in X70 pipeline steels

Haq

Muzaka

Dunne

et al. 2013

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

164

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The influence of microstructure and composition on permeation of hydrogen in 1.2 and 0.5 wt.% Mn X70 pipeline steels after different processing was investigated using an electrochemical permeation technique. For 1.2 wt.% Mn (standard Mn) steel, the microstructure of normalised transfer bar was coarse equiaxed ferrite grains. This sample exhibited the highest diffusivity, followed by transfer bar, with a mixed ferriteebainitic ferrite microstructure; and hot rolled strip, with fine elongated ferrite grains. The 0.5 wt.% Mn (medium Mn) strip displayed lower diffusivity than the 1.2 wt.% Mn strip, due to hydrogen trapping by finer ferrite grains and a higher density of carbonitride precipitates. Moreover, the medium Mn strip exhibited a uniform microstructure and consequently similar diffusion coefficients for the edge and centreline regions, whereas the finer grains of the edge region of the standard Mn strip resulted in a lower diffusivity than the centreline region. Copyright © 2012, Hydrogen Energy Publications, LLC. AbstractThe influence of microstructure and composition on permeation of hydrogen in 1.2 and 0.5 wt.% Mn X70 pipeline steels after different processing was investigated using an electrochemical permeation technique. For 1.2 wt.% Mn (standard Mn) steel, the microstructure of normalised transfer bar was coarse equiaxed ferrite grains. This sample exhibited the highest diffusivity, followed by transfer bar, with a mixed ferrite -bainitic ferrite microstructure; and hot rolled strip, with fine elongated ferrite grains.The 0.5 wt.% Mn (medium Mn) strip displayed lower diffusivity than the 1.2 wt.% Mn strip, due to hydrogen trapping by finer ferrite grains and a higher density of carbonitride precipitates.Moreover, the medium Mn strip exhibited a uniform microstructure and consequently similar diffusion coefficients for the edge and centreline regions, whereas the finer grains of the edge region of the standard Mn strip resulted in a lower diffusivity than the centreline region.

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Hydrogen trapping phenomena in metals with B.C.C. and F.C.C. crystals structures by the desorption thermal analysis technique

Cited by 166 publications

References 21 publications

Understanding and mitigating hydrogen embrittlement of steels: a review of experimental, modelling and design progress from atomistic to continuum

Understanding and mitigating hydrogen embrittlement of steels: a review of experimental, modelling and design progress from atomistic to continuum

Development of an Electrochemical Procedure for Monitoring Hydrogen Sorption/Desorption in Steel

Effect of microstructure and composition on hydrogen permeation in X70 pipeline steels

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