Hydrogenation of bitumen in situ in supercritical water flow with and without addition of zinc and aluminum

Fedyaeva, O. N.; Vostrikov, A. A.

doi:10.1016/j.supflu.2012.08.018

Cited by 38 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Fedyaeva et al [41,57] reported the effect of zinc and aluminum on the upgrading of bitumen in SCW. In SCW, the reaction of zinc and aluminum with water (mn<Zn> + mn(H2O) → m(ZnO)n + mnH2 and mn<Al> + 1.5mn(H2O) → 0.5m(Al2O3)n + 1.5mnH2), both, would form amounts of active hydrogen and released a great deal of on-site heat simultaneously.…”

Section: Bitumenmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Accordingly, a proper O2 amount is needed to guarantee the catalytic desulfurization of VR at a minimum expense cost. Apart what is listed above, the effect of metals (Zn, Al) [41,103] and catalysts (ZnO, MoO3 and MoS2) [12] on the desulfurization of heavy oil and model compounds in SCW have also been reported. Kida et al [75] proposed the reaction mechanism of hexyl sulfide (shown in Figure 7) in SCW, based on the analysis of experimental results and theory calculation.…”

Section: Removal Of Sulfurmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Review of Laboratory-Scale Research on Upgrading Heavy Oil in Supercritical Water

Yan

Xiao

2015

Energies

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Abstract:With the growing demand for energy and the depletion of conventional crude oil, heavy oil in huge reserve has attracted extensive attention. However, heavy oil cannot be directly refined by existing processes unless they are upgraded due to its complex composition and high concentration of heteroatoms (N, S, Ni, V, etc.). Of the variety of techniques for heavy oil upgrading, supercritical water (SCW) is gaining popularity because of its excellent ability to convert heavy oil into valued, clean light oil by the suppression of coke formation and the removal of heteroatoms. Based on the current status of this research around the world, heavy oil upgrading in SCW is summarized from three aspects: Transformation of hydrocarbons, suppression of coke, and removal of heteroatoms. In this work, the challenge and future development of the orientation of upgrading heavy oil in SCW are pointed out.

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Section: Bitumenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Removal Of Sulfurmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Laboratory-Scale Research on Upgrading Heavy Oil in Supercritical Water

Yan

Xiao

2015

Energies

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“…Although non-catalytic upgrading of the heavy oils in SCW have been studied extensively, a limited domain of research has been allocated to the catalytic cracking of heavy oils in SCW. Fedyaeva et al [16] studied the cracking of bitumen in the presence of zinc and aluminum in SCW. They reported that the hydrogenation of bitumen was significantly increased due to hydrogen formation during oxidation of the metals in SCW.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic cracking of heavy petroleum residue in supercritical water: Study on the effect of different metal oxide nanoparticles

Golmohammadi

Ahmadi

Towfighi

2016

The Journal of Supercritical Fluids

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Please cite this article as: Morteza Golmohammadi, Seyed Javad Ahmadi, Jafar Towfighi, Catalytic cracking of heavy petroleum residue in supercritical water: study on the effect of different metal oxide nanoparticles, The Journal of Supercritical Fluids http://dx. Highlights CeO 2 , Co 3 O 4 , and MnO 2 nanoparticles were synthesized in a batchwise SCW reactor. The ability of different nanocatalysts in upgrading of vacuum residue (VR) was examined. CeO 2 exhibited the best performance from the reaction yield as well as the catalytic stability point of view. Stability and catalytic activity of CeO 2 was evaluated after two successive experiment runs. Appropriate performance of CeO 2 can be ascribed to its redox property and high value of total OSC. AbstractCracking of heavy petroleum residue obtained from the vacuum distillation unit in supercritical water (SCW) was performed with and without catalysts. First, different nanoparticles, including CeO2, Co3O4, and MnO2 were synthesized in a batchwise SCW reactor; then, the abilities of aforementioned nanocatalysts to convert vacuum residue (VR) into the lighter fractions as well as their stability under severe condition of supercritical water were examined. The X-ray diffractometery (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images indicated that the obtained nanoparticles with a satisfactory size and morphology were synthesized under supercritical condition. VR cracking experiments were also conducted in a batchwise reactor under operating condition, namely temperature: 450 o C, reaction time: 60 min, catalyst/oil ratio (g/g): 1/5, and water/oil ratio (g/g): 80/3. The performance of different nanocatalysts was compared based on the yield of maltene, coke, and asphaltene obtained from VR cracking. As a result, it was determined that the efficiency of nanocatalysts in VR cracking diminishes in the order of CeO2> Co3O4> MnO2, while the non-catalytic cracking or SCW pyrolysis attained the lowest rank with a slight difference with the case of MnO2. Moreover, the XRD was utilized to investigate the stability of different catalysts. The results demonstrated that only CeO2 was stable, whereas the other catalysts were reduced to the lower oxidation states during the reaction.Nevertheless, the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image and the Brunauer−Emmett−Teller (BET) surface area of spent CeO2 showed the agglomeration of nanoparticles after the reaction.

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“…The reaction mechanisms in SCW treatment of heavy residue compounds are not easy to understand and are comprised of several radical reactions [18,[25][26][27]. Different scenarios are in the literature concerning hydrogen supplied for capping of free radicals formed during SCW treatment; hydrogen can either be supplied from water, or generated by intermediate reactions [11,28].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supercritical water treatment of oil sludge, a viable route to valorize waste oil materials

Radfarnia

Khulbe

Little

2015

Fuel

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Hydrogenation of bitumen in situ in supercritical water flow with and without addition of zinc and aluminum

Cited by 38 publications

References 45 publications

A Review of Laboratory-Scale Research on Upgrading Heavy Oil in Supercritical Water

A Review of Laboratory-Scale Research on Upgrading Heavy Oil in Supercritical Water

Catalytic cracking of heavy petroleum residue in supercritical water: Study on the effect of different metal oxide nanoparticles

Supercritical water treatment of oil sludge, a viable route to valorize waste oil materials

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