Hydrogenation of brown coal. 9. Physical characterization and liquefaction potential of australian coals

Molecular and Colloidal Structure of Coal Asphaltenes and Other Heavy Solvent Soluble Components

“…40 rises and most of the saturated carbon atoms are naphthenic carbons, and there are very few side chains or methylene bridges. Chemical structure of asphaltenes from Loy Yang coal (65.5 carbon %) from heat treatment have also been also investigated by Redlich et al 39 The asphaltenes obtained at 320°C were suggested to be obtained from physical extraction without any dissolution reactions and their structural parameters are also shown in Table 1 . The liquefaction of a bituminous coal (79.3 carbon %) was carried out at 500°C…”

An attempt to produce blast furnace coke from Victorian brown coal

“…An alternative explanation is suggested by the proposal of Mori et al [26] that, during pressing of coal, low molecular weight components (the guest [54]) are squeezed out onto the surface of the particles and act as a binder during carbonization to strengthen the product. For the briquettes, these low molecular components would have been squeezed out during the commercial briquetting and subsequent grinding would have dispersed them.…”

The structure and reactivity of a low-sulfur lacustrine oil shale (Colorado U.S.A.) compared with those of a high-sulfur marine oil shale (Julia Creek, Queensland, Australia)

“…Representative samples of shales were washed with 0.5 M HCl as described by Redlich et al [14] primarily to remove the carbonates and other acid soluble minerals and permit the organic C, N and S contents of the shales to be determined and the H content to be estimated by elemental analysis of the acid-washed shale. It has been shown that HCl of this strength will dissolve all of the carbonates in oil shales [25].…”

“…It has been found for materials such as coal that greater insight can be gained into the effect of structure on the yields and compositions of the products by making comparisons of a range of widely distributed coals [14]. In contrast, comparisons of oil shales of different origins and ages have been relatively rarely made and restricted in the range of variables considered or limited to comparisons of kerogens [15][16][17][18][19][20].…”