Hydrogenation of palm oil in near-critical and supercritical propane

Macher, Maj-Britt; Holmqvist, André

doi:10.1002/1438-9312(200102)103:2<81::aid-ejlt81>3.3.co;2-e

Cited by 2 publications

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“…Macher and Holmqvist (2001) carried out the hydrogenation of palm oil in near‐critical and supercritical propane using a small (0.5 cm 3 ) continuous fixed reactor and 1% Pd/C as catalyst, temperature (338–408 K), H 2 /triglyceride mol ratio (4–50), and residence time (0.2–2 s) to assess the iodine value (IV) as a function of the operating variables. The authors observed high reaction rates (a residence time of 2 s is sufficient at 393 K), which indicates that the reaction could also be run successfully at lower temperatures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of several flow cytometric assays for the analysis of T‐cell responses in goats

Totté¹,

Esteves²,

Gunter³

et al. 2002

Cytometry

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Fluid‐phase, continuous hydrogenations of sunflower oil on 2% Pd/C were carried out in an internal recycle, radial‐flow, packed‐bed microreactor (50 cm3) using propane as supercritical‐fluid solvent. Temperature (428–488 K), oil liquid hourly space velocity (LHSV = 30–70), H2 mol composition (2–10%), and stirrer speed (52–262 rad/s) were changed according to a four‐variable, two‐level, central composite design to predict the effect of process variables on the iodine value (IV) and on trans fatty acid content (trans C18:1). Feed and product were well above the condensation conditions so that a single fluid phase was present (according to recent calculations by Pereda et al.). The total system pressure, the molar oil concentration and the catalyst mass were held constant at 20 MPa, 1 mol %, and 0.1085 g, respectively. An empirical quadratic‐form response‐surface model is shown to fit the results, and shows the regions where a potential CSTR process could be operated to obtain a certain outlet iodine value and a minimum trans C18:1 content. For the time‐on stream values used here catalyst deactivation effects were not observed. In an extension of the results, a kinetic analysis of the steady‐state CSTR reaction rate data allows determination of the kinetic constants, and their temperature dependency, for the multiple reactions of hydrogenation–isomerization network involving triglyceride species. The kinetic formalism, proposed earlier for vegetable oil hydrogenations, was used. © 2004 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 50: 1545–1555, 2004

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of several flow cytometric assays for the analysis of T‐cell responses in goats

Totté¹,

Esteves²,

Gunter³

et al. 2002

Cytometry

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“…The use of fractions of TAG with particular crystallization and melting profiles, obtained from vegetable oils by fractional crystallization, is another common alternative to avoid the use of trans fats [9,10]. Additionally, new hydrogenation methods are now being used or investigated to reduce trans fatty acids' production [11,12] or to promote the production of conjugated fatty acids with recognized health benefits [13]. Unfortunately, these approaches do not easily provide the oils and/or fats with the physical and chemical properties required to manufacture all food products where TAG are main functional components.…”

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confidence: 99%

Physicochemical and Rheological Properties of Crystallized Blends Containing trans‐free and Partially Hydrogenated Soybean Oil

Reyes-Hernández

Dibildox‐Alvarado

Charó-Alonso

et al. 2007

J Americ Oil Chem Soc

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Three vegetable oil blends, intended for formulation of high melting temperature confectionary coatings, were prepared by mixing different proportions of coconut oil, palm stearin, and either partially hydrogenated soybean oil (PH-SBO) or native soybean oil (i.e., trans-free SBO). The blends were crystallized under the same isothermal conditions and the crystallized systems evaluated by DSC, SFC, polarized light microscopy, and rheology under low [i.e., G 0 and yield stress (r*)] and high (i.e., creep and recovery profiles) stress forces. Overall, all trans-free blends showed lower SFC and heat of crystallization than the ones obtained with PH-SBO blends. These results showed that trans-fatty acids decrease the level of structural order of the crystals, and probably also the organization of the crystal network. As a result, most of the crystallized blends with PH-SBO showed lower r* values and higher creep profiles (i.e., softer texture) than transfree blends, particularly in systems crystallized at high supercooling and blends with saturated medium chain TAG. Nevertheless, at particular crystallization temperatures some trans-free formulations provided crystallized systems with rheological properties that would result in softer textures than the ones obtained with PH-SBO blends. Knowledge of the rheological properties under low and high stress forces is vital when comparing the functionality of crystallized TAG systems with and without TAG with trans-fatty acids.

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Hydrogenation of palm oil in near-critical and supercritical propane

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Evaluation of several flow cytometric assays for the analysis of T‐cell responses in goats

Evaluation of several flow cytometric assays for the analysis of T‐cell responses in goats

Physicochemical and Rheological Properties of Crystallized Blends Containing trans‐free and Partially Hydrogenated Soybean Oil

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