Hydrogeochemical characteristics and sources of salinity of the springs near Wenquanzhen in the eastern Sichuan Basin, China

Guo, Jinyun; Zhou, Xun; Wang, Lidong; Zhang, Yuqi; Shen, Xiaowei; Zhou, Haiyan; Shen, Ye; Fang, Bin

doi:10.1007/s10040-017-1692-z

Cited by 24 publications

(21 citation statements)

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“…In summary, the dissolution of mineral phases in the Chongqing geothermal groundwater gradually decreases as it evolves. Compared to the hydrochemical characteristics of the salty hot spring (Cl-Na type, TDS of 13.37 g/L) in Wenquanzhenn, eastern Sichuan basin, which is formed in the same geothermal reservoir [3], the hot water is in the stage of desalination, but has not reached the stage of fresh water dominated by HCO 3 − .…”

Section: Reverse Modelling Of Hydrochemical Pathwaysmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Comparison of the TDS, Ca 2+ , SO4 2− , and HCO3 − contents in the three clusters of water samples show that TDS, Ca 2+ , and SO4 2− gradually decrease, whereas HCO3 − gradually increases. According to the dissolution order of anions in crustal rocks (Cl − > SO4 2− > HCO3 − ), and combined with the hydrochemical characteristics of the salty hot spring (Cl-Na type, TDS of 13.37 g/L) in Wenquanzhenn, eastern Sichuan basin, which is formed in the same geothermal reservoir [3], the geothermal groundwater in the study area (SO4-Ca type) is undergoing gradual desalination, but it has not yet reached the stage of 'fresh water' dominated by HCO3 − .…”

Section: Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (Hca)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Subsurface brines, saline springs, and hot waters (32-64 • C) are common in the Triassic carbonates of the Sichuan Basin in southwestern China [1][2][3], in the eastern and northeastern parts of the basin [3,4]. The hot springs of the eastern basin, in the Chongqing area, appear in the axes, cores, two flanks and plunging ends of a series of northeast-southwest (NE-SW) trending anticlines ( Figure 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Much research has been applied to the thermal waters of Chongqing, using correlation analysis and traditional graphical methods (Piper, Schoeller, Ludwig-Langelier and Durov diagrams). Xiao et al (2013) discussed the water-rock interactions of the Bei hot spring in the reservoir using δ 13 C-HCO 3 − and δ 34 S-SO 4 2− . These reveal that the main water rock reaction is the dissolution of gypsum, followed by the reaction of CO 2 with the host rock to produce HCO 3 − [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Evolution and Sources of Major Ions in Hot Springs in the Triassic Carbonates of Chongqing, China

Zhou

Guo

et al. 2020

Water

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Thermal groundwater in the Lower and Middle Triassic carbonates in Chongqing, China, is mainly concentrated in anticlines. Hot springs (32.9 to 57 °C) with SO4-Ca type waters and Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) of 1620 to 2929 mg/L emerge in the middle and the plunging ends of the structures. Multivariate methods are used to analyze the hydrochemical characteristics of the waters, and identify the sources of the main dissolved components, providing an insight into the evolution of the environment in which they formed. Hierarchical cluster analysis of compositional data differentiates samples in the study area into three categories: high TDS-high Ca2+ and SO42− water; medium TDS-high Na+ and Cl− water; and low TDS-high HCO3− water. Factor analysis and ion ratio relationships show that Ca2+ and SO42− are mainly derived from the dissolution of gypsum and anhydrite within the geothermal reservoir, with some addition of SO42− from coal-bearing cap rocks. The main source of HCO3−, is in the dissolution of dolomite and CO2 that also promotes the incongruent dissolution of albite and K-feldspar, adding Na+ and K+ to the groundwater. Reverse modelling of the transfers of each phase shows, in three models, that the minerals dissolved decrease progressively—with the exception of halite and albite. Combined with the hydrochemical characteristics of hot water in the same reservoir in the adjacent area (Cl-Na type, TDS of 13.37 g/L), a process of desalination of the hot water can be confirmed, which has not yet reached the ‘freshwater’ stage dominated by HCO3−.

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Section: Reverse Modelling Of Hydrochemical Pathwaysmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (Hca)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Evolution and Sources of Major Ions in Hot Springs in the Triassic Carbonates of Chongqing, China

Zhou

Guo

et al. 2020

Water

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“…Depth to aquifer ranges from 914 m to over 1,219 m. Despite the use of numerous wells within the study area for oil and gas, water quality data was limited to one well over two decades.The Capitan exhibited the poorest water quality within the study area. The poor water quality is a factor of formational age, residence time[31], depositional environment, Preprints (www.preprints.org) | NOT PEER-REVIEWED | Posted: 2 March 2020 doi:10.20944/preprints202003.0019.v1…”

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confidence: 99%

Investigation of Sinkhole Formation with Human Influence: A Case Study from Wink Sink in Winkler County, Texas

English¹,

Heo²

2020

Preprint

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The formation of sinkholes in Winkler County, Texas is concerning due to the amount of oil and gas infrastructure and the potential for catastrophic losses. Evidences of new and potential sinkholes have been documented, and determining the cause of these sinkholes is paramount to mitigate the devastating consequences thereof. Studies shown that the Wink sinkholes result from both natural and anthropogenic influences. Data depicting land-cover changes, alterations in the hydrologic systems, climate changes, and oil and gas activity were analyzed in an effort to better understand the link between these processes and sinkhole formation. Results indicate that the combination of these processes lead to the current state; Land cover changes were highest in shrub versus grasses, undeveloped to developed and croplands. Rises in temperature and a decrease in precipitation indicate a shift towards a more arid climate. Changes to the hydraulic system are a direct result of these land cover changes while the groundwater quality depict an environment prone to dissolution. Historical oil and gas activities have created pathways of meteoric water infiltration to the underlying limestone and evaporite formation. The combination of these processes create an environment that accelerates sinkhole formations. Understanding these processes allows for the development and implementation of better land practices, better groundwater protections, and the need for monitoring and maintaining aging oil and gas infrastructure.

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Integrated geophysical and geochemical investigations on the high-salinity geothermal waters of the Khlong Thom Hot Spring tourist attraction in Krabi, southern Thailand

Dürrast

Ngansom

2022

Geosci J

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Hydrogeochemical characteristics and sources of salinity of the springs near Wenquanzhen in the eastern Sichuan Basin, China

Cited by 24 publications

References 54 publications

The Evolution and Sources of Major Ions in Hot Springs in the Triassic Carbonates of Chongqing, China

The Evolution and Sources of Major Ions in Hot Springs in the Triassic Carbonates of Chongqing, China

Investigation of Sinkhole Formation with Human Influence: A Case Study from Wink Sink in Winkler County, Texas

Integrated geophysical and geochemical investigations on the high-salinity geothermal waters of the Khlong Thom Hot Spring tourist attraction in Krabi, southern Thailand

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