Hydrogeochemical characteristics and water quality of Aji-Chay river, eastern catchment of Lake Urmia, Iran

A new version of the Langelier-Ludwig square diagram under a compositional perspective

“…As a result, the classic LL diagram is influenced by variations in the values of these elements. There are many recent examples in literature in which the classic LL diagram is used for water classification purposes and attempts are made to identify endmembers, linear or nonlinear patterns and correlations based on the diagram (e.g., Bhat et al, 2016;Cangemi et al, 2019;Safari et al, 2020). Nevertheless, in the light of our results, supported by the Theory of Compositional Data Analysis, this could lead to non-exhaustive interpretations or even misinterpretations due to the constant sum constraint.…”

Study of Hydrogeochemical and Geochemical Properties of Surface Water (Case Study: Comparison of two Adjacent Catchments, Cheshmeh Kileh and Shiroud, Northern Iran)

“…The most susceptible water resources against pollution are rivers because they carry a large amount of industrial and urban wastewater along with chemical fertilizers in the form of runoff from agricultural lands [4,5,6]. Safari et al 2020 in a study investigated the hydrogeochemical properties and water quality of the Aji-Chay River, east Urmia Lake, and described the effects of geological formations on the evolutionary process of this river. According to the results, the samples in Aji-Chay River upstream have calcium bicarbonate type and in the downstream due to the in uence of the lithology of the formations such as the dissolution of halite minerals and the increase in sodium and chlorine ions, the water type changes to sodium chloride [7].…”

“…Safari et al 2020 in a study investigated the hydrogeochemical properties and water quality of the Aji-Chay River, east Urmia Lake, and described the effects of geological formations on the evolutionary process of this river. According to the results, the samples in Aji-Chay River upstream have calcium bicarbonate type and in the downstream due to the in uence of the lithology of the formations such as the dissolution of halite minerals and the increase in sodium and chlorine ions, the water type changes to sodium chloride [7]. Also, Richards et al 2022 on the hydrogeochemical dynamics of the Ganges River, India found that factors such as dilution, evaporation, water-rock interactions (including carbonate and silicate weathering) and human inputs are among the main determinant of the water chemistry of the Ganges River [8].…”

Identification of Natural and Anthropogenic Geochemical Processes Determining the Groundwater Quality in Port del Comte High Mountain Karst Aquifer (SE, Pyrenees)

“…Such hydrochemical processes along with the heterogeneity in the inner karst structure make characterizing the behavior of the associated aquifer system difficult. To this end, it is convenient to adopt a multidisciplinary approach [12], considering the hydrodynamic behavior and analyzing the physico-chemical and isotopic characteristics of groundwater (GW) throughout the aquifer [7,[13][14][15][16], using both environmental and chemical tracers [17][18][19], applying data analysis techniques [20][21][22], conducting geophysical prospection [23], and/or applying hydrodynamic and hydrogeochemical and isotopic modeling tools [24][25][26][27][28][29].…”