The surface area and the pentane isomerization activity of Pt/MoO 3 were enlarged by H 2 reduction. The enlargements was observed only when the reduction proceeded through the formation of hydrogen molybdenum bronze, H x MoO 3 . The catalytic activities of H 2 -reduced MoO 3 with different noble metals for pentane isomerization and 2-propanol dehydration depended on the ability of noble metal to produce the H x MoO 3 phases. H 2 -reduced Pt/MoO 3 was more active for pentane isomerization than Pt/ Hb, and its activity was comparable to that of Pt/HZSM-5. In heptane isomerization, H 2 -reduced Pt/MoO 3 exhibited a lower activity than Pt/Hb, although heptane was isomerized very selectively. Strong adsorption of heptane onto H 2 -reduced Pt/MoO 3 is likely to be a reason for its lower heptane isomerization activity.