Hydrological and morphological processes at the Zhujiang River mouth area, China

Михайлов, В. Н.; Михайлова, М. В.; Korotaev, V. N.

doi:10.1134/s0097807806030018

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…A comprehensive overview of the annual average discharge per river branch is provided by (Zhao et al 2000) and is shown in Table 1. As observed from the provided figures and concluded by (Mikhailov et al 2006), however, Pearl River discharge values as found in literature may often vary to some degree.…”

Section: The Pearl River Estuarysupporting

confidence: 53%

“…As the tidal wave progresses upstream, the tidal range is amplified due to the topography of the estuary (Mao et al 2004). During low flow periods, tide-induced level fluctuations are observed as far as 280 km upstream from the delta coastline (Mikhailov et al 2006).…”

Section: The Pearl River Estuarymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During the dry season, the extent of the freshwater plume is significantly smaller, and the impact of salinity intrusion will be more pronounced. During flood tide and low flow periods, saline water can intrude as far as 76 km upstream into the river network (Mikhailov et al 2006).…”

Section: The Pearl River Estuarymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Coupled 1D–3D hydrodynamic modelling, with application to the Pearl River Delta

et al. 2009

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Within the hydrodynamic modelling community, it is common practice to apply different modelling systems for coastal waters and river systems. Whereas for coastal waters 3D finite difference or finite element grids are commonly used, river systems are generally modelled using 1D networks. Each of these systems is tailored towards specific applications. Three-dimensional coastal water models are designed to model the horizontal and vertical variability in coastal waters and are less well suited for representing the complex geometry and crosssectional areas of river networks. On the other hand, 1D river network models are designed to accurately represent complex river network geometries and complex structures like weirs, barrages and dams. A disadvantage, however, is that they are unable to resolve complex spatial flow variability. In real life, however, coastal oceans and rivers interact. In deltaic estuaries, both tidal intrusion of seawater into the upstream river network and river discharge into open waters play a role. This is frequently approached by modelling the systems independently, with off-line coupling of the lateral boundary forcing. This implies that the river and the coastal model run sequentially, providing lateral discharge (1D) and water level (3D) forcing to each other without the possibility of direct feedback or interaction between these processes. An additional disadvantage is that due to the time aggregation usually applied to exchanged quantities, mass conservation is difficult to ensure. In this paper, we propose an approach that couples a 3D hydrodynamic modelling system for coastal waters (Delft3D) with a 1D modelling system for river hydraulics (SOBEK) online. This implies that contrary to off-line coupling, the hydrodynamic quantities are exchanged between the 1D and 3D domains during runtime to resolve the real-time exchange and interaction between the coastal waters and river network. This allows for accurate and mass conserving modelling of complex coastal waters and river network systems, whilst the advantages of both systems are maintained and used in an optimal and computationally efficient way. The coupled 1D-3D system is used to model the flows in the Pearl River Delta (Guangdong, China), which are determined by the interaction of the upstream network of the Pearl River and the open waters of the South China Sea. The highly complex upstream river network is modelled in 1D, simulating river discharges for the dry and wet monsoon periods. The 3D coastal model simulates the flow due to the external (ocean) periodic tidal forcing, the salinity distribution for both dry and wet seasons, as well as residual water levels (sea level anomalies) originating from the South China Sea. The model is calibrated and its performance extensively assessed against field measurements, resulting in a mean root mean square (RMS) error of below 6% for water levels over the entire Pearl River Delta. The model also represents both the discharge distribution over the river network and salinity transport p...

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Section: The Pearl River Estuarysupporting

confidence: 53%

Section: The Pearl River Estuarymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Coupled 1D–3D hydrodynamic modelling, with application to the Pearl River Delta

et al. 2009

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“…The West River is the largest tributary, contributing 73% of the Pearl River's total freshwater discharge, followed by the North River (14%), and the East River (8%) (Wei and Wu, 2014). The PRE receives 50-55% of the Pearl River's total freshwater flow from four major water outlets, namely Humen, Jiaomen, Hongqimen, and Hengmen (Mikhailov et al, 2006), with Humen providing 35% of the freshwater input to the PRE, followed by Jiaomen (33%), Hengmen (20%), and Hongqimen (12%) (Kot and Hu, 1995). About 70% to 80% of the freshwater discharge in the Pearl River occurs in the wet season (April-September) and only 20-30% in the dry season (October-March) (Wei and Wu, 2014).…”

Section: Overview Of Dommentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Assuming that 54% of the total discharge of the Pearl River went into the PRE (Mikhailov et al, 2006) giving 8.9 × 10 3 m 3 s −1 in May, 5.7 × 10 3 m 3 s −1 in August, 6.7 × 10 3 m 3 s −1 in November, and 5.0 × 10 3 m 3 s −1 in January. The freshwater discharge was 15% lower in August than in November due to an atypically dry weather in summer and a relatively higher precipitation in autumn.…”

Section: Hydrological Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution, seasonality, optical characteristics, and fluxes of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in the Pearl River (Zhujiang) estuary, China

Song

Massicotte

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Abstract. Dissolved organic carbon concentration in the Pearl River estuary (PRE) of China was measured in May, August, and October 2015 and January 2016. Chromophoric and fluorescent dissolved organic matter (CDOM and FDOM) in the latter three seasons were characterized by absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy. Parallel factor analysis of the fluorescence spectra identified two protein-like, two humic-like, and one oxidized quinone-like FDOM components. The seasonality of average DOM abundance varied as follows: DOC: May (156&#8201;&#956;mol&#8201;L&#8722;1)&#8201;>&#8201;January (114&#8201;&#956;mol&#8201;L&#8722;1)&#8201;&#8776;&#8201;August (112&#8201;&#956;mol&#8201;L&#8722;1)&#8201;>&#8201;November (86&#8201;&#956;mol&#8201;L&#8722;1); CDOM absorption at 330&#8201;nm: August (1.76&#8201;m&#8722;1)&#8201;>&#8201;November (1.39&#8201;m&#8722;1)&#8201;&#8776;&#8201;January (1.30&#8201;m&#8722;1); FDOM expressed as the sum of the maximum fluorescence intensities of all FDOM components: November (1.77&#8201;R.U.)&#8201;>&#8201;August (1.54&#8201;R.U.)&#8201;&#8776;&#8201;January (1.49&#8201;R.U.). Average DOM abundance in surface water was higher than in bottom water, their difference being marginal (0.1&#8211;10&#8201;%) for DOC in all seasons and for CDOM and FDOM in November and January, and moderate (16&#8211;21&#8201;%) for CDOM and FDOM in August. DOC showed little cross-estuary variations in all seasons while CDOM and FDOM in January were higher on the west side of the estuary than in the middle and on the east side. All three variables exhibited large variations and/or rapid drawdowns at the head of the estuary (salinity&#8201;<&#8201;5) due to multiple freshwater endmembers and/or biotic losses. In the saltier zone, they declined linearly with salinity except relatively constant DOC in May and November. The decrease in FDOM was 5&#8211;35&#8201;% faster than that in CDOM, which in turn was 2&#8211;3 times faster than that in DOC. Salinity and CDOM absorption coefficients can serve as indicators of DOC in August and January. Absorbance- and fluorescence-based indices demonstrate that freshwater endmembers in all seasons mainly contained fresh, protein-rich DOM of microbial origin, though the proportion of humic-like components was somewhat higher in August. Protein-like materials were preferentially consumed in the low-salinity section but the dominance of the microbial signature was maintained throughout the saltier zone. Exports of DOC and CDOM (in terms of a330) into the South China Sea were estimated as 195&#8201;&#215;&#8201;109&#8201;g and 266&#8201;&#215;&#8201;109&#8201;m2 for the PRE, and 362&#8201;&#215;&#8201;109&#8201;g and 493&#8201;&#215;&#8201;109&#8201;m2 for the entire Pearl River Delta. Compared to other world major estuaries, the PRE presents the lowest concentrations and export fluxes of DOC and CDOM. Nonetheless, DOM delivered by the PRE is protein-rich and thus may significantly impact the local ecosystem.

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