Hydrological characterization of the Ob’ Inlet in the summer and autumn seasons

Lapin, S. A.

doi:10.1134/s0001437011060105

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Previous studies of this process by Lapin (2011) and Lapin et al (2015) based on three field surveys (August 2010, September 2010, and September 2014) reported significantly smaller variability of the salt-water intrusion to the gulf (72.0-72.3 • N) and its association with the seasonal variability of river discharge. However, an analysis of more extensive in situ data demonstrates no direct dependence between the intensity of seawater inflow and the river discharge rate, including both instant discharge (Figure 5A) and average discharge rates from the beginning of summer freshet till the periods of oceanographic field surveys (Figure 5B).…”

Section: Seawater Inflows To the Gulf Of Obmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…The salinity in situ data used in this study were collected during 10 oceanographic surveys in the Gulf of Ob in September 2007, August and September 2010, September 2013, August and September 2014, July 2016, and July and August 2019 (Lapin, 2011;Lapin et al, 2015;Drits et al, 2016Drits et al, , 2017Borisenko et al, 2021;Osadchiev et al, 2021a; Table 1 and Figure 2). The vertical salinity structure was measured at the hydrographic stations in the northern and central part of the Gulf of Ob using a CTD instrument (SBE 911plus) at 0.2-m spatial resolution.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During the ice-free season, salinity in the Gulf of Ob is equal to 0 from surface to bottom in the shallow (<10 m) southern and central part of the estuary. Further northward, in the northern part of the gulf, the river flow detaches from the bottom and forms a freshened surface layer with depth ∼10 m (Lapin, 2011;Osadchiev et al, 2021a). Surface salinity steadily increases within the northern part of the gulf and is equal to 4-10 when it outflows to the open sea (Osadchiev et al, 2021a).…”

Section: Gravitational Tidal and Wind Forcing In The Gulf Of Obmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The northern part of the gulf is a typical salt-wedge estuary with a large salinity gradient between the freshened surface layer and the saline bottom layer formed by water inflow from the Kara Sea. The location of the frontal zone between freshwater and saline water in the bottom layer shows distinct seasonal variability governed by large seasonal variability of the river discharge rate (Lapin, 2011;Lapin et al, 2015), which is a common feature of river estuaries (Hansen and Rattray, 1965;Moller et al, 2001;Chawla et al, 2008;Miranda et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Water Exchange Between the Gulf of Ob and the Kara Sea During Ice-Free Seasons: The Roles of River Discharge and Wind Forcing

2021

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The Gulf of Ob is among the largest estuaries in the World Ocean in terms of area, watershed basin, and freshwater discharge. In this work, we describe the roles of river discharge and wind forcing on the water exchange between the Gulf of Ob and the Kara Sea during ice-free seasons. This work is based on the extensive in situ measurements performed during 10 oceanographic surveys in 2007–2019. Due to large river runoff (∼530 km3 annually) and low tidal forcing (<0.5 m/s), the estuarine processes in the Gulf of Ob during the ice-free season are generally governed by gravitational circulation. Local wind forcing significantly affects general estuarine circulation and mixing only in rare cases of strong winds (∼10 m/s). On the other hand, remote wind forcing over the central part of the Kara Sea regularly intensifies estuarine—sea water exchange. Eastern winds in the central part of the Kara Sea induce upwelling in the area adjacent to the Gulf of Ob, which increases the barotropic pressure gradient between the gulf and the open sea. As a result, intense and distant (120–170 km) inflows of saline water to the gulf occur as compared to the average conditions (50–70 km). Remote wind forcing has a far stronger impact on saltwater intrusion into the Gulf of Ob than the highly variable river discharge rate. In particular, saltwater reaches the shallow central part of the gulf only during upwelling-induced intense inflows. In the other periods (even under low discharge conditions), fresh river water occupies this area from surface to bottom. The upwelling-induced intense inflows occur on average during a quarter of days (July to October) when the gulf is free of ice. They substantially increase the productivity of phytoplankton communities in the gulf and modify the taxa ratio toward the increase of brackish water species and the decrease of freshwater species.

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Section: Seawater Inflows To the Gulf Of Obmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Gravitational Tidal and Wind Forcing In The Gulf Of Obmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Water Exchange Between the Gulf of Ob and the Kara Sea During Ice-Free Seasons: The Roles of River Discharge and Wind Forcing

2021

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“…Baboons ( Papio spp. , an Old World non-human primate (NHP)) are extensively evaluated and used in reproductive research 6 7 . A key difference between the vaginal microbiomes of human and NHPs is the universal dominance of lactobacilli in humans, in contrast to the relative paucity of these species in NHPs 8 9 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaginal Dysbiosis from an Evolutionary Perspective

Schlabritz‐Loutsevitch

Gygax

Dick

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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Evolutionary approaches are powerful tools for understanding human disorders. The composition of vaginal microbiome is important for reproductive success and has not yet been characterized in the contexts of social structure and vaginal pathology in non-human primates (NHPs). We investigated vaginal size, vulvovaginal pathology and the presence of the main human subtypes of Lactobacillus spp./ BV-related species in the vaginal microflora of baboons (Papio spp.). We performed morphometric measurements of external and internal genitalia (group I, n = 47), analyzed pathology records of animals from 1999–2015 (group II, n = 64 from a total of 12,776), and evaluated vaginal swabs using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) (group III, n = 14). A total of 68 lesions were identified in 64 baboons. Lactobacillus iners, Gardnerella vaginalis, Atopobium vaginae, Megasphaera I, and Megasphaera II were not detected. L. jensenii, L. crispatus, and L. gasseri were detected in 2/14 (14.2%), 1/14 (7.1%), and 1/14 (7.1%) samples, respectively. BVAB2 was detected in 5/14 (35.7%) samples. The differences in the vaginal milieu between NHP and humans might be the factor associated with human-specific pattern of placental development and should be taken in consideration in NHP models of human pharmacology and microbiology.

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