Hydrological Rehabilitation and Sediment Elevation as Strategies to Restore Mangroves in Terrigenous and Calcareous Environments in Mexico

López–Portillo, Jorge; Zaldívar-Jiménez, Arturo; Lara-Domínguez, Ana Laura; Pérez-Ceballos, Rosela; Bravo-Mendoza, Mariana; Álvarez, Nereida Núñez; Aguirre-Franco, Laura

doi:10.1002/9781119639305.ch9

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…To make management and restoration scenario-based forecasts we positively perturbed additional nodes in the network model or altered interaction coefficients to correspond to the following management or restoration actions: 1) sediment addition (either through direct addition 44 or by trapping with permeable fences 45 ) in units with riverine, tidal, or waverelated sedimentary flows and erosion (i.e., deltaic, estuarine or lagoonal) 46 , 2) increase landward mangrove propagules via assisted dispersal (i.e., scattering of mangrove propagules) or enrichment planting 47 , assuming propagules are a limiting factor in mangrove growth, 3) removal of coastal barriers that prevent landward migration of mangroves 48 , or 4) improved ecological connectivity to facilitate propagule dispersal to areas biophysically suitable for growth 49 , assuming a natural increase in propagule recruitment. Seaward mangrove planting is a restoration activity with historically low success 50,51 and so was not tested as a potential scenario.…”

Section: Global Forecasts and Management/restoration Scenariosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uncertainties in forecasts of ecosystem persistence under climate change

Buelow,

Andradi-Brown,

Worthington

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Global forecasts of ecosystem responses to increasing climatic and anthropogenic pressures are needed to inform adaptation planning. However, data of appropriate spatio-temporal resolution are not typically available to parameterise complex processes at the global scale. Forecast uncertainty associated with ‘data-process’ scale incongruities must be quantified and effectively communicated to avoid over-confident decision-making. Here, we used network models to make probabilistic forecasts of the direction of change in mangrove extent globally under the SSP5-8.5 climate emissions scenario by 2040-2060. We forecast that seaward net loss is the most likely outcome in 77% [±37-78%; 95% confidence] of mangrove forest units, while 30% [±15-59%] will experience landward net gain or stability. Parameter uncertainty limited our capacity to make reliable forecasts everywhere, highlighting where current understanding and global datasets are deficient. However, with action to manage or restore, the number of mangrove forest units likely to experience net gain or stability could nearly double.

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Section: Global Forecasts and Management/restoration Scenariosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uncertainties in forecasts of ecosystem persistence under climate change

Buelow,

Andradi-Brown,

Worthington

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…Once physical factors constraining natural reestablishment are understood, a key management step in wetland restoration is the removal or alleviation of that biophysical stressor (Lewis, 2005). In intertidal projects these are often site-based engineering steps, such as manipulating site elevations through sediment addition (e.g., Staver et al, 2020), and strategic dyke breaching (e.g., Kiesel et al, 2020;López-Portillo et al, 2021) to allow adequate water flows. However, removing constraints to natural reestablishment can be particularly challenging in seagrass restoration, as this ecosystem is often affected by stressors that occur at a distance from the restoration site, such as eutrophication caused by organic pollution from the surrounding watershed (van Katwijk et al, 2016).…”

Section: Biophysical Constraints To Blue Carbon Restorationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Restoring blue carbon ecosystems

Friess,

Shribman,

Stankovic

et al. 2024

Camb. prisms Coast. futures

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Mangroves, tidal marshes and seagrasses have experienced extensive historical reduction in extent due to direct and indirect effects of anthropogenic land use change. Habitat loss has contributed carbon emissions and led to foregone opportunities for carbon sequestration, which are disproportionately large due to high ‘blue carbon’ stocks and sequestration rates in these coastal ecosystems. As such, there has been a rapid increase in interest in using coastal habitat restoration as a climate change mitigation tool. This review shows that restoration efforts are able to substantially increase blue carbon stocks, while also having a positive impact on various gaseous fluxes. However, blue carbon increases are spatially variable, due to biophysical factors such as climate and geomorphic setting. While there are potentially hundreds of thousands of hectares of land that may be biophysically suitable for restoration, these activities are still often conducted at small scales and with mixed success. Maximizing potential carbon gains through blue carbon restoration will require managers and coastal planners to overcome the myriad socioeconomic and governance constraints related to land tenure, legislation, target setting and cost, which often push restoration projects into locations that are biophysically unsuitable for plant colonization.

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“…Hence, restoration programs are a priority. Evaluating the hydroperiod and biogeochemical characteristics is essential to achieve cost-effective interventions in the recovery of the coverage of these wetlands [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Porewater Sulfide: The Most Critical Regulator in the Degradation of Mangroves Dominated by Tides

Pérez-Ceballos

Zaldívar-Jiménez

Melgarejo-Salas

et al. 2022

Forests

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The hydroperiod determines the biogeochemical conditions and processes developing in the mangrove soil. Floods control the input of nutrients and the presence of regulators such as salinity and sulfides that, in high concentrations, degrade mangrove vegetation. This work aimed to determine biogeochemical and hydroperiod characteristics in natural and degraded mangrove conditions. Three sampling sites were placed along a spatial gradient, including fringe and basin mangroves with different conditions. Tree characteristics and biogeochemical variables (temperature, salinity, pH, redox potential, sulfides) were measured. The structural analysis indicated two conditions: undisturbed (Rhizophora mangle fringe and Avicennia germinans basin under natural conditions) and disturbed (degraded basin, with standing A. germinans tree trunks). The soil porewater salinity, concentration of sulfides, and temperature were significantly higher, and redox potential lower in the disturbed site. The fringe mangrove was permanently waterlogged with higher tides than the basin mangrove. There were more extended flooding periods on the degraded mangrove due to the loss of hydrological connection with the adjacent water body. Waterlogging in basin mangroves increased soil porewater salinity to 87.8 and sulfides to 153 mg L−1, causing stress and death in A. germinans mangroves. Our results show that the loss of hydraulic connectivity causes the chronic accumulation of salinity and sulfides, with consequences on tree metabolism, ultimately causing its death. It probably also involves the succession in microbial communities.

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Hydrological Rehabilitation and Sediment Elevation as Strategies to Restore Mangroves in Terrigenous and Calcareous Environments in Mexico

Cited by 10 publications

References 86 publications

Uncertainties in forecasts of ecosystem persistence under climate change

Uncertainties in forecasts of ecosystem persistence under climate change

Restoring blue carbon ecosystems

Porewater Sulfide: The Most Critical Regulator in the Degradation of Mangroves Dominated by Tides

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