Hydrological role of Central European forests in changing climate – review

Gribovszki, Zoltán; Kalicz, Péter; Palocz-Andresen, Michael; Szalay, Dóra; Varga, Tünde

doi:10.28974/idojaras.2019.4.8

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Some researchers argue that micro-precipitation is invalid precipitation in the sense that it is evaporated into the atmosphere even before reaching vegetation and soil, thus cannot provide water resources for arid ecosystems [ 15 ]. Some other researchers state that micro-precipitation plays an important role in recharging soil and groundwater in the arid ecosystem [ 16 ]. For instance, studies have found that the amount of atmospheric condensate could reach 5.0% to 16.2% of the annual precipitation in the Negev Arid in Israel, the Nevada Desert in the United States, and the Atacama Desert in Chile [ 17 , 18 , 19 ]; thus, atmospheric vapor is an important water source for the ecosystems in those arid and semi-arid regions [ 20 , 21 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atmospheric Vapor Impact on Desert Vegetation and Desert Ecohydrological System

Xin

Feng²,

Zhan

et al. 2023

Plants

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The ability of plants to absorb unsaturated atmospheric water vapor is a controversial topic. To study how vegetation in arid areas survives under limited water resources, this study uses Tamarisk in the Ulan Buh Desert of China as an example. The in-situ observation of a newly designed Lysimeter and sap flow meter system were used to monitor the precipitation infiltration and the utilization efficiency of Tamarisk of atmospheric vapor. The results show that the annual precipitation of 84 mm in arid areas could still result in deep soil recharge (DSR) with a recharge rate of 5 mm/year. Furthermore, DSR is detectable even in the winter, and the 5-year average DSR was 5.77% of the annual precipitation. It appears that the small precipitation events are critically important for the survival of Tamarisk. When the atmospheric relative humidity reaches 70%, Tamarisk leaves can absorb the unsaturated atmospheric vapor, which accounts for 13.2% of the annual precipitation amount. To adapt to the arid environment, Tamarisk can harvest its water supply from several sources including atmospheric vapor and micro-precipitation events (whose precipitation is below the measurement limit of 0.2 mm of the precipitation gauge) and can still permit a certain amount of recharge to replenish the deep soil moisture. Such an ecohydrological dynamic is of great significance to desert vegetation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atmospheric Vapor Impact on Desert Vegetation and Desert Ecohydrological System

Xin

Feng²,

Zhan

et al. 2023

Plants

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“…This system is conditioned by ecosystem feedback, where an optimal soil water regime facilitates vegetation development that in turn leads to increased transpiration, reducing the soil water reserves [11]. Generally, the forest transpiration rate is higher than other types of land cover, which can result in a deeper groundwater table [12]. A better understanding of the water balance is key for the further improvement of the management practices of hydric forests balancing biodiversity targets, carbon sequestration in soil and wood biomass production.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrological Coupling and Decoupling of Hydric Hemiboreal Forest Sites Inferred from Soil Water Models and Tree-Ring Chronology

Kalvāns,

Dauškane

2023

Forests

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The soil water regime often controls whether an ecosystem is a source of greenhouse gases such as CO2 or CH4 or is, instead, a carbon sink. The soil water regime of wetland forests is complicated by ecosystem feedback and landscape scale interactions. An in-depth understanding of these processes is needed to optimize the management of such ecosystems to balance timber production, carbon sequestration and biodiversity preservation. To investigate the soil water regime of non-riparian wetland forests, we set up a physically based Hydrus-1D soil water model for two hydric black alder Alnus glutinosa sites in a lowland hemiboreal setting informed by field observations of the soil water. Further, to gain ecohydrological insights, we explored the correlations between modeled long-term soil water parameters and local dendrochronology. We found that, at the clay soil site, the simulated root water uptake had a significant correlation (up to 0.55) with the residual tree-ring chronology. However, in the sandy soil site, the meteorological conditions—air temperature and precipitation—were better predictors for tree radial growth (correlation up to 0.42). In addition, we observed a trend towards dryer conditions during the modeling period, which might enhance the growing conditions for the considered forest stands due to a reduction in soil waterlogging.

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“…The impact of climate change and human activities on ecosystem degradation has been widely documented in the literature [14][15][16]. Climate change has been shown to alter the hydrological processes of ecosystems by changing the precipitation-to-evaporation ratio [17]. Research has shown that, in highland areas, warmer temperatures can extend the growing season and increase vegetation productivity [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disentangling the Complexity of Regional Ecosystem Degradation: Uncovering the Interconnected Natural-Social Drivers of Quantity and Quality Loss

Zhang

Chen

Liu

2023

Land

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In the face of the combined effects of economic development and climate change, ecosystems are experiencing unprecedented pressures. It is imperative to diagnose changes in the quantity and quality of ecosystems, as well as identify the integrated natural and social driving mechanisms that underlie these changes, in order to facilitate ecosystem restoration and maintenance. In this study, we analyzed the changes in forest, grassland, farmland, and water ecosystems in Hubei Province, China from 2000 to 2020. We examined the changes in ecosystem quantity by assessing their area, and for evaluating ecosystem quality, we utilized an ecosystem quality index (EQI). To further understand the integrated natural–social driving mechanisms behind the degradation of different types of ecosystems, we selected four natural factors and fifteen socio-economic factors, based on the influences of climate change and human activities. We employed stepwise regression models for analysis. Our study reveals significant degradation of farmland and grassland ecosystems in Hubei Province from 2000 to 2020, reducing by 5.16% and 82.46%, respectively. The water ecosystems have slightly decreased by 1.08%, while and the forest ecosystems has increased by 2.64%. The analysis further highlights that the total area of ecosystem quality degradation in Hubei Province reached 5.34%. Additionally, our findings indicate that human activities have a greater impact on the quantitative degradation of ecosystems, while climate change has a greater impact on the quality degradation of ecosystems. Specifically, the forestry output value has a significant negative impact on the area of farmland and grassland ecosystems, while rural per capita net income and fishery output value have a significant negative impact on water area. Annual precipitation and annual average temperature have a significant positive effect on the quality of ecosystems in the good-quality level, while ecosystems in the low-quality level are mainly influenced by annual evaporation. Our results provide valuable insights for policymakers seeking to restore and manage ecosystems effectively in order to promote regional sustainable development.

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Hydrological role of Central European forests in changing climate – review

Cited by 3 publications

References 15 publications

Atmospheric Vapor Impact on Desert Vegetation and Desert Ecohydrological System

Atmospheric Vapor Impact on Desert Vegetation and Desert Ecohydrological System

Hydrological Coupling and Decoupling of Hydric Hemiboreal Forest Sites Inferred from Soil Water Models and Tree-Ring Chronology

Disentangling the Complexity of Regional Ecosystem Degradation: Uncovering the Interconnected Natural-Social Drivers of Quantity and Quality Loss

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