Hydrology of a Small Drainage Basin with Polar Oasis Environment, Fosheim Peninsula, Ellesmere Island, Canada

Woo, Ming‐ko; Young, Kathy L.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-1530(199709)8:3<257::aid-ppp258>3.0.co;2-t

Cited by 53 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…This behaviour of both streams suggest that the active layer represents an important water reservoir for polar streams, which is consistent with findings from the Arctic (e.g. ; Woo and Young, 1997;Woo et al, 2008;Cooper et al, 2011).…”

Section: Hydroclimatological Contextsupporting

confidence: 90%

Seasonal hydrological and suspended sediment transport dynamics in proglacial streams, James Ross Island, Antarctica

Kavan

Ondruch

Nývlt

et al. 2016

Geografiska Annaler: Series A, Physical Geography

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Rapid warming of the Antarctic Peninsula is producing accelerated glacier mass loss and can be expected to have significant impacts on meltwater runoff regimes and proglacial fluvial activity. This study presents analysis of the hydrology and suspended sediment dynamics of two proglacial streams on James Ross Island, Antarctic Peninsula. Mean water discharge during 8/1/2015 to 18/2/2015 reached 0.19 m 3 s -1 and 0.06 m 3 s -1 for Bohemian Stream and Algal Stream, respectively, equivalent to specific runoff of 76 mm month -1 and 60 mm month -1 . The daily discharge regime strongly correlated with air and ground temperatures. The effect of global radiation on proglacial water discharge was found low to negligible. Suspended sediment concentrations of Bohemian Stream were very high (up to 2927 mg L -1 ) due to aeolian supply and due to the high erodibility of local rocks. Total sediment yield (186 t km -2 yr -1 ) was high for (nearly) deglaciated catchments, but relatively low in comparison with streams draining more glaciated alpine and arctic catchments. The sediment provenance was mostly local Cretaceous marine and aeolian sediments; volcanic rocks are not an important source for suspended load. High Rb/Sr ratios for some samples suggested chemical weathering. Overall, this monitoring of proglacial hydrological and suspended sediment dynamics contributes to the dearth of such data from Antarctic environments and offers an insight to the nature of the proglacial fluvial activity, which is likely to be in a transient state with ongoing climate change.

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Section: Hydroclimatological Contextsupporting

confidence: 90%

Seasonal hydrological and suspended sediment transport dynamics in proglacial streams, James Ross Island, Antarctica

Kavan

Ondruch

Nývlt

et al. 2016

Geografiska Annaler: Series A, Physical Geography

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“…Elevated plateau areas tend to be windswept in this treeless environment, while much snow can collect in depressions and lee of slopes, giving rise to late-lying or perennial snowbeds (Young and Lewkowicz, 1990). Previously, Young and Woo (2003) and Woo and Young (2003) demonstrated that meltwater from these features can be effective in sustaining water levels in patchy wetlands downslope. A detailed snow survey was conducted on one late-lying snowbed located to the west of the Moraine study pond.…”

Section: Precipitation (Snow and Rainfall)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainability of High Arctic Ponds in a Polar Desert Environment

Abnizova¹,

Young²

2010

ARCTIC

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AbStRACt. Arctic wetland environments are sensitive to ongoing climate change as seen by the recent loss of lakes and ponds in southern Alaska, Siberia, and northern Ellesmere island, Canada. A clearer picture of the mechanisms accounting for these losses or the persistence of ponds is presently required. to better understand and quantify the hydrologic processes that are leading to the sustainability or demise of High Arctic ponds, a detailed study was conducted during the summer seasons of 2006 at Somerset Island, Nunavut (72˚43' N, 94˚15' W). A water balance framework that quantifies water inputs, losses, and storage was employed on four ponds situated in three broad geomorphic areas (coastal, bedrock, and glacial terrain, which includes plateau and moraine). The initial snow cover amount influenced the water level pattern for the summer season. Large end-of-winter snow accumulations in the deep bedrock pond ensured large initial water storage and seasonal sustainability despite variable climatic conditions and a coarse substrate, which encouraged subsurface outflow. Connectivity to a stream draining an upland area and a melting late-lying snowbed nearby allowed the small Moraine pond to maintain stable water levels throughout both years. Sandy soils typical of the Coastal and Plateau ponds favored seepage and subsurface water losses, leading to desiccation of these ponds during dry periods. Lateral water losses from the Coastal pond were enhanced by the presence of a downslope frost crack that formed a steep hydraulic gradient with the pond. High initial snowfall and substantial rain maintain pond water levels, but in years with low snowfall and dry conditions, ponds are vulnerable to disappearance unless a range of dependable hydrological linkages exists.Key words: Arctic hydrology, climate change, connectivity, low-gradient wetland, sustainability RÉSuMÉ. Les milieux humides de l'Arctique sont sensibles aux changements climatiques continus, tel que l'atteste la perte récente de lacs et d'étangs du sud de l'Alaska, de la Sibérie et du nord de l'île d'Ellesmere, au Canada. À l'heure actuelle, il faut obtenir une meilleure idée des mécanismes à la source de ces pertes ou à la source de la persistance des étangs. Afin de mieux comprendre et de quantifier les processus hydrologiques qui entraînent la durabilité ou la disparition des étangs de l'Extrême arctique, une étude détaillée a été réalisée au cours des étés 2005 et 2006 à l'île Somerset, au Nunavut (72˚43' N, 94˚15' O). À quatre étangs situés dans trois grandes zones géomorphologiques (côtière, roche de fond et terrain glaciaire, ce qui comprend plateaux et moraines), on a utilisé un cadre de référence de bilan hydrique quantifiant les gains, les pertes et le stockage d'eau. La quantité de couverture de neige initiale exerçait une influence sur le modèle de niveau d'eau pendant la saison d'été. Les fortes accumulations de neige en fin d'hiver dans la profonde roche de fond des étangs donnaient lieu à un important stockage initial de l'eau et à la durabi...

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“…Evaporation is a particularly important component of the water balance in the High Arctic (Woo and Young, 1997), and was calculated within WATFLOOD using the Hargreaves equation (Hargreaves et al, 2003;Kouwen, 2008). Potential evapotranspiration was also checked outside of the model using the Hargreaves approach, and a modified version of the Penman equation (Valiantzas, 2006).…”

Section: Hydrologic Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Twenty-first century discharge and sediment yield predictions in a small high Arctic watershed

Lewis

Lamoureux

2010

Global and Planetary Change

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Hydrology of a Small Drainage Basin with Polar Oasis Environment, Fosheim Peninsula, Ellesmere Island, Canada

Cited by 53 publications

References 17 publications

Seasonal hydrological and suspended sediment transport dynamics in proglacial streams, James Ross Island, Antarctica

Seasonal hydrological and suspended sediment transport dynamics in proglacial streams, James Ross Island, Antarctica

Sustainability of High Arctic Ponds in a Polar Desert Environment

Twenty-first century discharge and sediment yield predictions in a small high Arctic watershed

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