Hydrolysis of bile acid conjugates by Clostridium bifermentans

Archer, Richard; Chong, R.; Maddox, I. S.

doi:10.1007/bf00508002

Cited by 27 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Bile acid deconjugation is carried out by bacteria with bile salt hydrolase (BSH) activity. Metagenomic analyses demonstrated that functional BSH is present in all major bacterial divisions and archaeal species in the human gut including members of lactobacilli, bifidobacteria, Clostridium and Bacteroides (Archer et al, 1982;Gilliland and Speck, 1977;Jones et al, 2008;Ridlon et al, 2006). In fact, BSH is enriched in the gut microbiota compared with other microbial ecosystems and is associated with increased resistance to bile toxicity (Jones et al, 2008).…”

Section: Microbial Metabolism Of Bile Acidsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Intestinal Crosstalk between Bile Acids and Microbiota and Its Impact on Host Metabolism

et al. 2016

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The gut microbiota is considered a metabolic "organ" that not only facilitates harvesting of nutrients and energy from the ingested food but also produces numerous metabolites that signal through their cognate receptors to regulate host metabolism. One such class of metabolites, bile acids, is produced in the liver from cholesterol and metabolized in the intestine by the gut microbiota. These bioconversions modulate the signaling properties of bile acids via the nuclear farnesoid X receptor and the G protein-coupled membrane receptor 5, which regulate numerous metabolic pathways in the host. Conversely, bile acids can modulate gut microbial composition both directly and indirectly through activation of innate immune genes in the small intestine. Thus, host metabolism can be affected through microbial modifications of bile acids, which lead to altered signaling via bile acid receptors, but also by altered microbiota composition.

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Section: Microbial Metabolism Of Bile Acidsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Intestinal Crosstalk between Bile Acids and Microbiota and Its Impact on Host Metabolism

et al. 2016

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“…Bile salt hydrolase activity is found in many kinds of intestinal bacteria (9)(10)(11)(12). 7α-Dehydroxylating activity has also been reported in certain groups of intestinal bacteria (13).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Deoxycholic acid formation in gnotobiotic mice associated with human intestinal bacteria

Narushima

Itoh

Miyamoto

et al. 2006

Lipids

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In humans and animals, intestinal flora is indispensable for bile acid transformation. The goal of our study was to establish gnotobiotic mice with intestinal bacteria of human origin in order to examine the role of intestinal bacteria in the transformation of bile acids in vivo using the technique of gnotobiology. Eight strains of bile acid-deconjugating bacteria were isolated from ex-germ-free mice inoculated with a human fecal dilution of 10(-6), and five strains of 7alpha-dehydroxylating bacteria were isolated from the intestine of limited human flora mice inoculated only with clostridia. The results of biochemical tests and 16S rDNA sequence analysis showed that seven out of eight bile acid-deconjugating strains belong to a bacteroides cluster (Bacteroides vulgatus, B. distasonis, and B. uniformis), and one strain had high similarity with Bilophila wadsworthia. All five strains that converted cholic acid to deoxycholic acid had greatest similarity with Clostridium hylemonae. A combination of 10 isolated strains converted taurocholic acid into deoxycholic acid both in vitro and in the mouse intestine. These results indicate that the predominant bacteria, mainly Bacteroides, in human feces comprise one of the main bacterial groups for the deconjugation of bile acids, and clostridia may play an important role in 7aplha-dehydroxylation of free-form primary bile acids in the intestine although these strains are not predominant. The gnotobiotic mouse with bacteria of human origin could be a useful model in studies of bile acid metabolism by human intestinal bacteria in vivo.

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“…Among various derivatives, secondary bile acids, especially deoxycholic acid (DCA) and lithocholic acid (LCA), are strongly suggested to have correlation with colorectal cancer from both experimental and epidemiological studies (1)(2)(3)(4). There are many reports on intestinal bacteria, including strains of clostridia, bacteroides, bifidobacteria and lactobacilli, with the ability to deconjugate bile acids (5)(6)(7)(8). It appears that deconjugating activity is commonly observed in predominant intestinal bacteria.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Caecal Bile Acid Compositions in Gnotobiotic Mice Associated with Human Intestinal Bacteria with the Ability to Transform Bile Acidsin vitro

Narushima

1999

Microbial Ecology in Health and Disease

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Germfree mice were orally inoculated with human intestinal bacteria for which the ability to transform bile acids was confirmed by in 6itro screening. Three weeks after inoculation, their caecal bile acids were examined. Free-form bile acids were detected in the caecal contents of gnotobiotic mice associated with deconjugating bacteria, Clostridium ramosum R-18 (above 10%) or extremely oxygen sensitive Clostridium M-7 (3.6%). Deoxycholic acid was observed only in the caecal contents of gnotobiotic mice associated with a combination of deconjugating and 7a-dehydroxylating bacteria, i. e. strain R-18 and Eubacterium lentum-like c-25 (4.3%) or a combination of strain R-18 and unidentified Gram-positive rod strain HD-17 (1.1%). 7-Oxo-deoxycholic acid was detected in the caecal contents of gnotobiotic mice associated with strain M-7 (7a-dehydrogenating in 6itro) (1.3%) or strain R-18 plus strain M-7 (2.4%). These results suggest that caecal bile acid composition in gnotobiotic mice reflected the results of bacterial activity in 6itro, but bacterial transforming ability itself is insufficient for normal bile acid transformation comparable to that of conventional mice.

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Hydrolysis of bile acid conjugates by Clostridium bifermentans

Cited by 27 publications

References 12 publications

Intestinal Crosstalk between Bile Acids and Microbiota and Its Impact on Host Metabolism

Intestinal Crosstalk between Bile Acids and Microbiota and Its Impact on Host Metabolism

Deoxycholic acid formation in gnotobiotic mice associated with human intestinal bacteria

Caecal Bile Acid Compositions in Gnotobiotic Mice Associated with Human Intestinal Bacteria with the Ability to Transform Bile Acidsin vitro

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