Hydrolysis-precipitation studies of aluminum (III) solutions. I. Titration of acidified aluminum nitrate solutions

Vermeulen, Alessandro; Geus, J.W.; Stol, Remco; Bruyn, P.L de

doi:10.1016/0021-9797(75)90142-3

Cited by 110 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Solutions of 0.5 M Al(NO3)3 (Merck 1063) were hydrolyzed by injection, using a Gilson pump (rate 0.015 ml/s, of 0.2 M NaOH (Merck 6498) solution in a specially designed reaction vessel (Vermeulen et al, 1975), until a molar OH/A1 ratio of 2.4 was reached (Kloprogge et al, 1992b). The final solutions were aged for 2 h at 50~ to optimize the All3 content.…”

Section: Pillaring Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Thermal Treatment on the Properties of Hydroxy-Al and Hydroxy-Ga Pillared Montmorillonite and Beidellite

et al. 1994

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A B S T R A C T :The pillaring process of montmorillonite and beidellite with A1 and Ga polymers has been studied using XRD, IR, 27A1, 71Ga, and 29Si MAS NMR, TGA, TEM, N2 adsorption and chemical analyses.The A1 adsorption maximum for montmorillonite is close to 5.5 mEq A1/g clay, whereas the maximum for Ga is higher. Basal spacings of both Ga-and Al-pillared clays vary between 16.7 and 18.8 ~,. Freeze-drying of pillared products followed by calcination yielded more regular pillared structures. Pillaring montmorillonite increased the BET surface area from 35 m2/g to 350 m2/g mainly by the creation of micropores <20 • in diameter. The Al-pillared clays are thermally stable to ~700~ Calcination of pillared montmorillonite liberates protons from the pillar, which diffuse into the clay sheet, lowering the thermal stability. In pillared beidellite, mainly silanol groups are formed by breaking Si-O-AI bonds. No reaction is observed between pillars and montmorillonite upon calcination, whereas in pillared beidellite a structural transformation links the pillar to inverted tetrahedra of the tetrahedral sheet. The basal spacing of Ga-pillared montmorillonite collapses to 9.5/~ at 350~ due to the Ga polymer decomposing to Ga 3+ cations.

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Section: Pillaring Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Thermal Treatment on the Properties of Hydroxy-Al and Hydroxy-Ga Pillared Montmorillonite and Beidellite

et al. 1994

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“…The first inflection point determines the neutralization equivalence of the excess H30 + initially present, the second is acid A13+ (see also Vermeulen et al, 1975). These titration characteristics changed only slightly with titration speed.…”

Section: Titration Curves Of Al(noa)3 Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…However, Vermeulen et al (1975) found by microelectrophoretic measurement that the A1 hydroxide particles formed during the titration are positively charged up to pH 10, which suggests that the AI 3+ ions may not have been fully titrated at pH 7.4.…”

Section: Titration Curves Of Al(noa)3 Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 95%

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The Release of Aluminum from Aluminosilicate Minerals. II. Acid-Base Potentiometric Titrations

Cabrera¹

1979

Clays and clay miner.

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Abstract--Acidified suspensions of Al-saturated kaolinite, montmorillonite, mica, illite, and biotite in 10 -a M NaNO3 were potentiometrically titrated with 0.1 N NaOH and 0.1 N HNO3 in succession in a COz-free nitrogen atmosphere. The resulting curves were compared with those for AI(NO3)3 solutions of similar AI concentration in the supernatant solution and corrected for Al in the entrained solution in the clay.Base titrations of AI ions adsorbed on all the minerals, except montmorillonite, showed two pH inflections separated by a buffering range. With montmorillonite, there were three pH inflections similar to those for AI in solution. The first inflections in the titration of suspensions occurred at lower pHs and were less pronounced than for AI in solution. These represent the titration of HaO § sorbed during the pretreatment. The buffering by adsorbed AI ions is also less than that by A1 in solution.The OH-used up by adsorbed Al ions between the first and last inflections was equal to, or slightly greater than, the CEC of the minerals, except for mica where it was more than twice the CEC, because new interlayer surfaces were formed during the acid pretreatment. Acid titration curves of Al ions in the adsorbed and solution states showed hysteresis when related to the base titration curves. The use of two titration speeds (3 and 0.3 pH units/hr) only slightly affected the titration curves of the minerals suggesting that the observed effects were not caused by lack of equilibrium with added base or acid.

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“…Pour eertains, cette 6volution passe par une association en plaquettes, sortes d'~16ments pr6gibbsitiques. Les travaux de Vermeulen et al (1975), puis de Stol et al (1976 sont parmi les plus r6cents qui s'inscrivent dans cette ligne, alors que les r6sultats de la r6sonance magn&ique nucl6aire conduisent Bottero (1979) et Bottero et al (1980) ~ s'opposer it cette conception et fi proposer le passage par une phase d'association tubulaire fi partir d'ions hydroxopolym+res dans lesquels un atome A1 occupe une position centrale avec une coordinence IV --All~(OH)2sOa(H20)~ +.…”

Section: Domaine D'existence Des Monomkres Hydroxyl~s De L'aluminium;unclassified

Comportement des ions aluminiques et de la silice en solution: Etude de la formation de la kaolinite

Espiau

Pédro

1984

Clay miner.

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R E S U M E: L'int6r& port~ 5. la synthbse de la kaolinite a ~t+ suscit6 par des preoccupations d'ordre pedologique, qui nous ont amen6s 5. comparer les exp6riences r+alis6es en laboratoire aux situations naturelles consid6rbes comme propices 5. la formation de la phyllite 1/1. I1 apparait essentiel, pour le succ+s des synth6ses, de privil6gier la formation d'ions hydroxyl6s monom6res de AI, pouvant r6agir avec l'acide orthosilicique. La neutralisation lente et partielle de solutions tr6s dilu6es semble garantir ces conditions. Deux s6ries d'essais ont bt~ entrepris. Les r6sultats exp6rimentaux tendent 5. d6montrer la possibilit~ d'obtenir une pr+cipitation de kaolinite 5. partir des ions en solution et par simple neutralisation. Le m6canisme propos6 par Siffert (1962), mettant en jeu la formation d'616ments T-O, semble le plus probable. Ces 616ments prendraient naissance par r6action de l'acide orthosilicique et de l'ion AI (OH)]. Le rapprochement entre l'importance du r61e jou6 ici par ce monom6re hydroxyl6 et la place qu'il occupe dans le sch6ma de dissolution &abli par Sarazin (1979) peut permettre de comprendre que les n6o-formations de kaolinite correspondent 5. des sols relativement bien drain6s. A B S T R A C T :Pedological considerations led us to study kaolinite synthesis and compare data from laboratory experiments with the processes occurring in a natural environment believed to be favourable to the formation of a 1/1 phyllite. In order to obtain successful syntheses, it was first considered necessary to study the formation of AI monomer hydroxylated ions which can react with ortbosilicic acid. These conditions are best provided by the slow and partial neutralization of highly dilute solutions. Two series of tests were conducted. The results show that kaolinite precipitation can be obtained from ions in solution and simple neutralization. The process suggested by based on the formation of 7"-0 elements is most likely involved. T-O elements are derived from the reaction between orthosilicic acid and the AI(OH) + ion. When comparing the important role played here by this hydroxylated monomer with its function in the dissolution scheme determined by Sarazin (1979), it becomes clearer why neogenesis of kaolinite occurs in relatively well drained soils.Des pr6occupations d'ordre p~dologique nous ont conduits fi examiner la possibilit+ d'une synthese 6ventuelle de la kaolinite ~i partir des ions en solution. En effet, lorsqu'elle n'est pas h@itbe, la pr6sence de la kaolinite dans le complexe d'alt~ration de sols varies, surtout des sols temp+rbs acides et bien drain,s pose de nombreuses questions. Ainsi, la pr+sence d'une argile 1/1 en m~me temps que celle de la gibbsite ou d'une smectite de d~gradation dans les sols podzoliques form+s sur ar~ne granitique, conduit/t se demander si les m6canismes qui r~gissent la formation de ces min6raux peuvent &re concomitants ou si chacun d'eux marque une 6tape diff~rente de la p~dogen~se.

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Hydrolysis-precipitation studies of aluminum (III) solutions. I. Titration of acidified aluminum nitrate solutions

Cited by 110 publications

References 19 publications

The Effect of Thermal Treatment on the Properties of Hydroxy-Al and Hydroxy-Ga Pillared Montmorillonite and Beidellite

The Effect of Thermal Treatment on the Properties of Hydroxy-Al and Hydroxy-Ga Pillared Montmorillonite and Beidellite

The Release of Aluminum from Aluminosilicate Minerals. II. Acid-Base Potentiometric Titrations

Comportement des ions aluminiques et de la silice en solution: Etude de la formation de la kaolinite

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