“…The former is subjective and tedious, while for the latter, a large number of studies have been conducted to relate freshness to certain physical characteristic or the concentration of certain compounds, such as color, pH, K value, biogenic amine content, and total volatile basic nitrogen content, etc (Chun, Min, & Hong, 2013;Hernandez-Jover, Izquierdo-Pulido, Veciana-Nogues, & Vidal-Carou, 1996;Huang, Zhao, Chen, & Zhang, 2014;Vasconcelos, Saraiva, & de Almeida, 2014). Among them, K value developed based on adenosine triphosphate (ATP) degradation has attracted much attention as an indicator of meat freshness and proved to be very successful (Gil et al, 2011;Mora, Hern andez-C azares, Aristoy, & Toldr a, 2010;Seewald, Iaizzo, Heisswolf, & Eichinger, 1993).…”