Hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry for the analysis of paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) toxins

Dell’Aversano, Carmela; Heß, Philipp; Quilliam, Michael A.

doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2005.05.056

Cited by 255 publications

(148 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…For gaseous CWAs (blood agent), volatile CWAs (nerve gas, blister agent) and nonvolatile CWAs (lachrymators), the decontamination level can be estimated by qualitative and quantitative determination of the remaining CWAs and degradation products. The CWAs and volatile degradation products are analyzed by gas chromatographymass spectrometry (GC-MS), 10,70) and polar decomposition products are structurally analyzed by liquid chromatography (LC)-MS. 71) The low MW biological toxins and the degradation products are analyzed by LC-MS, 72) and the toxin activity is measured by bioassay 73) or lateral flow immunoassay. 61) The proteinous toxins are analyzed quantitatively by spectroscopy (protein assay, organic materials index) and enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay, 74) and qualitatively by capillary electrophoresis, 75) gel electrophoresis, 76) surface plasmon resonance (SPR) spectrometry, 77) LC-MS 78) and matrixassisted laser ionization MS. 75,76) The cytotoxic activity is measured by cell culture assay 79) and bioassay, 80) and the enzymatic activity is measured by colorimetric assay.…”

Section: Methods For Estimating Decontamination Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Research and Development of On-site Decontamination System for Biological and Chemical Warfare Agents

Seto

2011

JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCE

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Biological and chemical warfare agents (BCWAs) are diverse in nature including synthetic low molecular weight chemical warfare agents (gaseous choking and blood agents), volatile nerve gases and blister agents, nonvolatile vomit agents and lachrymators, biological toxins (polar low molecular weight toxins and proteinous toxins), and microorganisms (viruses, rickettsia, chlamydia and bacteria). In the consequence management against chemical and biological warfare terrorism, speedy decontamination of casualties, goods, items and equipments, buildings and field is required for the minimization of the terrorism damage. At present, washing casualties and contaminated materials with large volumes of water is the basic way, and hypochlorite solution is mainly used to decompose BCWAs. However, it still remains unsolved how to dispose the waste water contaminated with BCWAs, and decontaminating reagents have serious problems of high toxicity to human, despoiling nature to environment, long finishing time and non-durability. In addition, the present decontamination technologies are not effective, nonspecifically affecting the surrounding non-target materials. Therefore, it is the urgent matter to build up usable decontamination system surpassing the present system. The author introduces the joint project of research and development of the novel decontamination system against BCWAs, in the purpose of realizing non-dangerous, rapid, specific, effective and economical on-site decontamination. The project consists of establishment of the evaluation methods for decontamination, and verification of the present technologies and utilization of bacterial organophosphorus hydrolase, development of specific adsorptive elimination technologies using molecular recognition devices, and development of deactivation technologies using photocatalysis.

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Section: Methods For Estimating Decontamination Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Research and Development of On-site Decontamination System for Biological and Chemical Warfare Agents

Seto

2011

JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCE

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“…Another HPLC method frequently used is that developed by Oshima (1995) however three different analyses are required to identify the PST derivatives. In recent times LCͲMS/MS has emerged as a powerful tool for the analysis of PSTs (Jaime et al, 2001 andDell'Aversano et al, 2005). While these methods allow for the accurate determination of these toxins in phytoplankton, they are laboratory based requiring skilled technicians and expensive equipment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and validation of an ultrasensitive fluorescence planar waveguide biosensor for the detection of paralytic shellfish toxins in marine algae

Meneely

Campbell

Greef

et al. 2013

Biosensors and Bioelectronics

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Publisher rights This is the author's version of a work that was accepted for publication in Biosensors and Bioelectronics. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Biosensors and Bioelectronics, VOL 41, 03/2013 General rights Copyright for the publications made accessible via the Queen's University Belfast Research Portal is retained by the author(s) and / or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing these publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting galley proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. ABSTRACTMarine dinoflagellates of the genera Alexandrium are well known producers of the potent neurotoxic paralytic shellfish toxins that can enter the food web and ultimately present a serious risk to public health in addition to causing huge economic losses. Direct coastal monitoring of Alexandrium spp. can provide early warning of potential shellfish contamination and risks to consumers and so a rapid, sensitive, portable and easyͲtoͲuse assay has been developed for this purpose using an innovative planar waveguide device.The disposable planar waveguide is comprised of a transparent substrate onto which an array of toxinͲ protein conjugates is deposited, assembled in a cartridge allowing the introduction of sample, and detection reagents. The competitive assay format uses a high affinity antibody to paralytic shellfish toxins with a detection signal generated via a fluorescently labelled secondary antibody. The waveguide cartridge is analysed by a simple reader device and results are displayed on a laptop computer. Assay speed has been optimised to enable measurement within 15 min. A rapid, portable sample preparation technique was developed for Alexandrium spp. in seawater to ensure analysis was completed within a short period of time. The assay was validated and the LOD and CCɴ were determined as 12pg/mL and 20pg/mL respectively with an intraͲassay CV of 11.3% at the CCɴ and an average recovery of 106%. The highly innovative assay was proven to accurately detect toxin presence in algae sampled from the US and European waters at an unprecedented cell density of 10cells/L.

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“…Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) is one of the most potentially useful methods for the identification and quantification of STX and PSTs. 2,6,[8][9][10][11] In terms of the analysis of STX, it is noteworthy that some of the LC/MS/MS methods have quantified STX in shellfish extract and human urine samples by using gonyautoxin 1 10 and 15 N7-isotopically labeled STX, 11 respectively, as an internal standard. Another instrumental method, high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with fluorescent detection (HPLC-FD), 12,13 has been used in the research field, and the applicability of this method as the official testing method for STX and other STX analogues in shellfish has been demonstrated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[2][3][4][5][6] A drawback in the instrumental methods is insufficient availability of STX and PSTs standards for the identification and quantification of toxins. Especially STX is listed as chemical warfare agents in schedule 1 in the chemical weapons convention (CWC), 7 and it is prohibited to produce, stockpile and utilize STX for any purpose.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indirect Quantitation of Saxitoxin by HPLC with Post-column Oxidation and Fluorometric Detection

et al. 2014

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The indirect identification and quantification of saxitoxin (STX) using other STX analogues by high-performance liquid chromatography with post-column oxidation and fluorescent detection (HPLC-FD) was investigated. Decarbamoylsaxitoxin (dcSTX) among the many STX analogues was selected as an external standard to identify and quantify STX. The retention time of STX in shellfish extracts by HPLC-FD was reproducibly estimated by using the retention time of dcSTX and the separation factor (α) between STX and dcSTX. Almost all of the columns tested to setup the method were useful to identify STX. Because a molar fluorescent coefficient of dcSTX was slightly different from that of STX, a factor used to correct the fluorescent coefficient in STX/dcSTX was determined to be 1.30. The indirect quantification of STX in scallop extracts by using the correction factor agreed to 80 -100% precision with direct quantification using STX as an external standard.

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Hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry for the analysis of paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) toxins

Cited by 255 publications

References 21 publications

Research and Development of On-site Decontamination System for Biological and Chemical Warfare Agents

Research and Development of On-site Decontamination System for Biological and Chemical Warfare Agents

Development and validation of an ultrasensitive fluorescence planar waveguide biosensor for the detection of paralytic shellfish toxins in marine algae

Indirect Quantitation of Saxitoxin by HPLC with Post-column Oxidation and Fluorometric Detection

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