Hydrophobic laser-induced graphene potentiometric ion-selective electrodes for nitrate sensing

Hjort, Robert G.; Soares, Raquel R A; Li, Jingzhe; Jing, Dapeng; Hartfiel, Lindsey M.; Chen, Bolin; Belle, Bryan Van; Soupir, Michelle L.; Smith, Emily A.; McLamore, Eric S.; Claussen, Jonathan C.; Gomes, Carmen

doi:10.1007/s00604-022-05233-5

Cited by 31 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Raman spectroscopy is often employed to study graphene or graphite-based material by observing the intensities of the D peak (typically ∼1350 cm −1 and indicating disorder) and G peak (typically ∼1580 cm −1 and indicating the degree of graphitization). 46,47 However, due to the strong fluorescent interference from the CDs, no meaningful Raman spectroscopy results were obtained for this study.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Carbon dots using a household cleaning liquid as a dopant for iron detection in hydroponic systems

et al. 2023

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Carbon dots using a household cleaning liquid as a dopant for iron detection in hydroponic systems

et al. 2023

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“…Amongst the advantages of using LIG over commercial electrodes, we can cite the following: 1) Customizable design of the electrodes’ size and shape: the electrode can be digitally designed according to the project needs using any vector graphics software (e.g., CorelDRAW). The CO 2 laser can inscribe any pattern of the polymeric surface with micrometer resolution ( Ye et al, 2019 ; Soares et al, 2020 ); 2) Tunable electrode properties: by adjusting the laser inscribing parameters it is possible to modify material properties such as electrical conductivity, surface morphology, and surface wettability without the need for post-chemical modification ( Ye et al, 2019 ; Chen et al, 2022 ; Hjort et al, 2022 ); 3) Simplified manufacturing: LIG electrodes fabrication is a one-step process based on CO 2 -laser inscribing on a polyimide substrate. Fabricated electrodes can be further functionalized with nanoparticles and biomaterials according to the project needs ( Ye et al, 2019 ); 4) Low-cost: the lab manufacturing cost of the LIG electrodes described in this work is less than $1 USD a piece.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a Biosensor Based on Angiotensin‐Converting Enzyme II for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Detection in Human Saliva

et al. 2022

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Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the novel coronavirus responsible for COVID-19. Infection in humans requires angiotensin-converting enzyme II (hACE2) as the point of entry for SARS-CoV-2. PCR testing is generally definitive but expensive, although it is highly sensitive and accurate. Biosensor-based monitoring could be a low-cost, accurate, and non-invasive approach to improve testing capacity. We develop a capacitive hACE2 biosensor for intact SARS-CoV-2 detection in saliva. Laser-induced graphene (LIG) electrodes were modified with platinum nanoparticles. The quality control of LIG electrodes was performed using cyclic voltammetry. Truncated hACE2 was used as a biorecognition element and attached to the electrode surface by streptavidin–biotin coupling. Biolayer interferometry was used for qualitative interaction screening of hACE2 with UV-attenuated virions. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was used for signal transduction. Truncated hACE2 binds wild-type SARS-CoV-2 and its variants with greater avidity than human coronavirus (common cold virus). The limit of detection (LoD) is estimated to be 2,960 copies/ml. The detection process usually takes less than 30 min. The strength of these features makes the hACE2 biosensor a potentially low-cost approach for screening SARS-CoV-2 in non-clinical settings with high demand for rapid testing (for example, schools and airports).

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“…For the LIG in this study, the average capacitance observed for sensors was 10.4 ± 1.9 μF, which is higher than values observed for simple coated wire SC-ISEs, but much lower when compared to other carbon-based transducers or even LIG-based ISEs. 41,42 Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is also used to characterize ISE functionality by assessing physical damage, biofouling, and leaching of membrane components. 43 The EIS spectra collected for this study exhibited a high-frequency semicircle where an equivalent circuit model was fitted, resulting in a charge transfer resistance of 41.2 ± 1.24 kΩ.…”

Section: Potmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wearable Flexible Perspiration Biosensors Using Laser-Induced Graphene and Polymeric Tape Microfluidics

Garland,

Schmieder,

Johnson

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Wearable biosensors promise real-time measurements of chemicals in human sweat, with the potential for dramatic improvements in medical diagnostics and athletic performance through continuous metabolite and electrolyte monitoring. However, sweat sensing is still in its infancy, and questions remain about whether sweat can be used for medical purposes. Wearable sensors are focused on proof-of-concept designs that are not scalable for multisubject trials, which could elucidate the utility of sweat sensing for health monitoring. Moreover, many wearable sensors do not include the microfluidics necessary to protect and channel consistent and clean sweat volumes to the sensor surface or are not designed to be disposable to prevent sensor biofouling and inaccuracies due to repeated use. Hence, there is a need to produce low-cost and single-use wearable sensors with integrated microfluidics to ensure reliable sweat sensing. Herein, we demonstrate the convergence of laser-induced graphene (LIG) based sensors with soft tape polymeric microfluidics to quantify both sweat metabolites (glucose and lactate) and electrolytes (sodium) for potential hydration and fatigue monitoring. Distinct LIG-electrodes were functionalized with glucose oxidase and lactate oxidase for selective sensing of glucose and lactate across physiological ranges found in sweat with sensitivities of 26.2 and 2.47 × 10–3 μA mM–1 cm–2, detection limits of 8 and 220 μM, and linear response ranges of 0–1 mM and 0–32 mM, respectively. LIG-electrodes functionalized with a sodium-ion-selective membrane displayed Nernstian sensitivity of 58.8 mV decade−1 and a linear response over the physiological range in sweat (10–100 mM). The sensors were tested in a simulated sweating skin microfluidic system and on-body during cycling tests in a multisubject trial. Results demonstrate the utility of LIG integrated with microfluidics for real-time, continuous measurements of biological analytes in sweat and help pave the way for the development of personalized wearable diagnostic tools.

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Hydrophobic laser-induced graphene potentiometric ion-selective electrodes for nitrate sensing

Cited by 31 publications

References 62 publications

Carbon dots using a household cleaning liquid as a dopant for iron detection in hydroponic systems

Carbon dots using a household cleaning liquid as a dopant for iron detection in hydroponic systems

Development of a Biosensor Based on Angiotensin‐Converting Enzyme II for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Detection in Human Saliva

Wearable Flexible Perspiration Biosensors Using Laser-Induced Graphene and Polymeric Tape Microfluidics

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