Hydrophobic silica sand ceramic hollow fiber membrane for desalination via direct contact membrane distillation

Alftessi, Saber Abdulhamid; Othman, Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan; Adam, Mohd Ridhwan; Farag, Twibi Mohamed; Tai, Zhong Sheng; Raji, Yusuf Olabode; Rahman, Mukhlis A.; Jaafar, Juhana; Ismail, Ahmad Fauzi; Bakar, Suriani Abu

doi:10.1016/j.aej.2022.03.044

Cited by 24 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…where γ l represents the liquid surface tension, r max is the maximum radius of the pores of the membrane and θ is the value of the membrane contact angle [48].…”

Section: Characterization Of Fabricated Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eco-Friendly Superhydrophobic Modification of Low-Cost Multi-Layer Composite Mullite Base Tubular Ceramic Membrane for Water Desalination

Zare,

Abbasi,

Hashemifard

et al. 2024

Water

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This study aimed to investigate and develop a cost-effective and superhydrophobic ceramic membrane for direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) applications. Two types of mullite-based composite membranes were prepared via extrusion and sintering techniques. To create a small and narrow pore diameter distribution on the membrane surface, the dip-coating technique with 1 µm alumina was employed. The hexadecyltrimethoxysilane eco-friendly grafting agent was adopted to modify low-cost multilayer mullite-based composite membranes, transforming them from hydrophilic to superhydrophobic. The prepared membranes were characterized via field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy-dispersive spectrometry (EDS), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), liquid entire pressure (LEP), contact angle, atomic force microscopy (AFM), porosity, and membrane permeability. The results of the prepared membranes validate the appropriateness of the material for membrane distillation applications. The optimized membrane, with a contact angle of 160° and LEP = 1.5 bar, was tested under DCMD using a 3.5 wt.% sodium chloride (NaCl) synthetic solution and Persian Gulf seawater as a feed. Based on the acquired results, an average permeate flux of 3.15 kg/(m2·h) and salt rejection (R%) of 99.62% were found for the 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution. Moreover, seawater desalination showed an average permeate flux of 2.37 kg/(m2·h) and salt rejection of 99.81% for a 20-h test without any pore wetting. Membrane distillation with a hydrophobic membrane decreased the turbidity of seawater by 93.13%.

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“…where γ l represents the liquid surface tension, r max is the maximum radius of the pores of the membrane and θ is the value of the membrane contact angle [48].…”

Section: Characterization Of Fabricated Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eco-Friendly Superhydrophobic Modification of Low-Cost Multi-Layer Composite Mullite Base Tubular Ceramic Membrane for Water Desalination

Zare,

Abbasi,

Hashemifard

et al. 2024

Water

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“…MD is a promising alternative to traditional desalination methods like reverse osmosis (RO), primarily when waste heat can be effectively utilized. However, several challenges must be addressed to enhance its commercial viability, including the relatively low membrane mass flux observed in MD modules [1,2]. Research and application have led to the development of four distinct MD configurations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A CFD Analysis of the Desalination Performance of Ceramic-Based Hollow Fiber Membranes in Direct Contact Membrane Distillation

Alrefaai,

Othman,

Rava

et al. 2024

Ceramics

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In this numerical study, the performance of ceramic-based mullite hollow fiber (HF) membranes in a direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) process was evaluated. Three types of membranes were tested: (i) hydrophobic membrane C8-HFM, (ii) rod-like omniphobic membrane (C8-RL/TiO2), and (iii) flower-like omniphobic membrane (C8-FL/TiO2). The CFD model was developed and validated with experimental results, which were performed over a 500 min period. The initial mass flux of C8-HFM was 30% and 9% higher than that of C8-FL/TiO2 and C8-RL/TiO2, respectively. However, the flower-like omniphobic membrane C8-FL/TiO2 had the lowest drop in flux, around 11%, while the rod-like omniphobic membrane C8-RL/TiO2 had a 15% reduction, both better than the 23% reduction in the hydrophobic membrane C8-HFM over the 500 min. The study also analyzed the impact of fouling by examining the variation in mass transfer coefficient (MTC) over time. The results indicated that the ceramic-based mullite HF membranes with TiO2 flowers and rods demonstrated a high resistance to fouling compared to C8-HFM. The modified membranes could find applications in the desalination and handling of seawater samples containing organic contaminants. The CFD model’s versatility can be utilized beyond the current investigation’s scope, offering a valuable tool for efficient membrane development solutions, particularly for challenges such as the presence of organic contaminants in seawater.

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“…The hydrophobicity of the MD membranes is an important feature. In MD, the hydrophobicity of the membrane inhibits the liquid molecules from entering, and only water vapors may flow across the membrane surfaces throughout the MD process [25]. The super-hydrophobicity may be created by developing the micrometer and nanoscale roughness on a hydrophobic surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanomaterial‐Incorporated Membrane Distillation Membranes: Characteristics, Fabrication Techniques, and Applications

2023

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Membrane distillation (MD), a temperature‐driven membrane separation process, is used for various applications due to its less complicated design. MD operations encounter major issues such as permeate flux decrease, membrane fouling, and wetting. A lot of research has been conducted in the past years on the modification of MD membranes by incorporating nanomaterials to overcome these obstacles and considerably increase their performance. Nanomaterials incorporated into the membranes improve the water permeability, mechanical strength, and fouling. The incorporation of next‐generation nanomaterials like metal oxide nanoparticles, carbon‐based nanomaterials, graphene‐based membranes, quantum dots, and metal‐organic frameworks in the MD membranes is investigated. Essential membrane properties for MD operations are comprehensively studied, including higher liquid entry pressure, permeability, porosity, hydrophobicity, thermal stability, mean pore size, and low fouling rate. Significant advances in the application of nanomaterials to the modification of MD membranes as well as other membrane fabrication techniques adopted for the incorporation of nanoparticles like surface grafting, interfacial polymerization, plasma polymerization, and dip coating are reviewed. Important future aspects are discussed.

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Hydrophobic silica sand ceramic hollow fiber membrane for desalination via direct contact membrane distillation

Cited by 24 publications

References 77 publications

Eco-Friendly Superhydrophobic Modification of Low-Cost Multi-Layer Composite Mullite Base Tubular Ceramic Membrane for Water Desalination

Eco-Friendly Superhydrophobic Modification of Low-Cost Multi-Layer Composite Mullite Base Tubular Ceramic Membrane for Water Desalination

A CFD Analysis of the Desalination Performance of Ceramic-Based Hollow Fiber Membranes in Direct Contact Membrane Distillation

Nanomaterial‐Incorporated Membrane Distillation Membranes: Characteristics, Fabrication Techniques, and Applications

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