Hydrophysical features of deep water troughs in the western Kara Sea

Зацепин, А. Г.; Poyarkov, S. G.; Kremenetskiy, V. V.; Nedospasov, A. A.; Щука, С. А.; Баранов, В. И.; Kondrashov, A. A.; Корж, А. О.

doi:10.1134/s0001437015040165

Cited by 16 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…Despite the complex vertical structure in areas prone to strong continental runoff, strong salinity, and hence density, gradients that lead to stratification, possible (due to little scrutiny on the problem (Zatsepin et al 2015)) bottom currents, the aragonite saturation below 1 is observed not only (as expected) in the surface layer, but also at a depth of 20-30 m. Investigation of the biggest freshwater basins, the Ob' Inlet and the Yenisei Gulf, shows the increase of pCO 2 especially in the bottom layer (Makkaveev et al 2015b) thus performing an additional driver of acidification. This means that the organic matter transferred to the sea by rivers, which, oxidizing, releases carbon dioxide, which also reduces the solubility of aragonite, enhances the acidification.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to modern data, 1400-1600 km 3 of fresh water annually enters its water area (Harms andKarcher 1999, Osadchiev et al 2017) due to the continental runoff of the Ob and Yenisei rivers, as well as many other small rivers. Previously a lot of attention was paid on physical characteristics of the river plume, disposition of frontal zones (Zavialov et al 2015) and physical conditions of the desalinated surface layer of the Kara Sea (Zatsepin et al 2015). There is also a general trend towards a decrease in the ice cover in the Arctic (Vihma 2014), which is also reflected in the Kara Sea (Petoukhov and Semenov 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The role of river runoff in the Kara Sea surface layer acidification and carbonate system changes

Polukhin

2019

Environ. Res. Lett.

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This study aims to perform the results of the investigation of the Kara Sea carbonate system (CS) changes and the factors that determine it. The important feature of the Kara Sea water structure is strong stratification caused mainly by the Ob' and Yenisey rivers discharge which is estimated as 81% of the total continental runoff to sea. Occurring climate changes, as an increase in the total volume of the Arctic Ocean water (due to melting of glaciers, sea ice decline and river runoff increase), air temperature and CO 2 concentration growth should affect greatly the Kara Sea CS. However, riverine water influence seems to be the main driver of future acidification of the Kara Sea water due to permafrost thawing as it stores a great amount of buried carbon. An increase of carbon (mainly inorganic) flow to the sea will lead to carbonate equilibrium shift, oxidation of organic matter and release of CO 2 that ultimately leads to a decrease in pH and therefore acidification. The area of the riverine plume depends on the amount of freshwater flowing into the sea and the conditions of the wind forcing. According to the data from Shirshov Institute cruises within the plume area aragonite saturation is below 1 that shows its state as acidified. Prevalence of pCO 2 values in the freshened surface layer over the atmospheric shows that atmospheric carbon dioxide, apparently, cannot serve as the main driver for the acidification of the surface waters of the Kara Sea. At the shallow shelf to the north of the Ob′ Inlet mouth we observe acidification of the whole water column from surface to the bottom layer due to elevated riverine discharge and increase of flowing terrestrial carbon.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of river runoff in the Kara Sea surface layer acidification and carbonate system changes

Polukhin

2019

Environ. Res. Lett.

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“…The boundary between the Barents and the Kara Sea to the north of Novaya Zemlya Archipelago (area 15, Figure a) is dominated by the current bringing the Barents Sea water along the north‐western coast of North Island of Novaya Zemlya. In the slope area of St. Anna Trough this warmer and saltier water meets the cold and freshened Kara Sea water forming an abrupt front (Flint, Poyarkov, & Soloviev, ; Zatsepin et al, ). This front creates conditions for two distinct benthic faunas within this CPA (Vedenin, Minin, & Galkin, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Importance of oceanographical background for a conservation priority areas network planned using MARXAN decision support tool in the Russian Arctic seas

Спиридонов

Solov’yev

Chuprina

et al. 2017

Aquatic Conservation

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Abstract1. The aim of the present study is to assess a conservation priority area (CPA) network proposed for the Russian Arctic seas (47 areas) with regard to underlying oceanographical features and to discuss further development of marine conservation planning.2. The oceanographical features included in the analysis were obtained from the literature or inferred from schemes of climatic oceanography.3. The most frequent oceanographic feature associated with a particular CPA is constant advection of a particular water mass, followed by local water mass transformation, seasonal ice zones, flaw polynyas, and external sources of nutrients. Particularly important are major frontal zones, and coastal phenomena such as coastal/offshore waters transition zones, massifs of fast ice and specific regimes of semi-isolated fjords and bays.4. Each Arctic sea in the study area or its large part (in the Barents Sea) is characterized by a distinct combination of oceanographical features associated with the respective CPAs.5. Although most oceanographical features were not involved in the process of developing the CPA network directly, the resulting CPAs are shown to have a solid oceanographical background.

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“…In addition, there are transformed water masses which bear unique characteristics, i.e. the Barents Sea water (cooler than the Atlantic water mass but retaining the high salinity of the latter) (Dobrovolsky & Zalogin, ; Loeng, ; Zalogin & Kosarev, ) and the smaller areas of particular bays, straits (Pantyulin, ) and troughs (Zatsepin, Poyarkov et al, ).…”

Section: Eurasian Arctic Seas Environment and Biogeographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying a network of priority areas for conservation in the Arctic seas: Practical lessons from Russia

Solov’yev

Спиридонов

Onufrenya³

et al. 2017

Aquatic Conservation

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Abstract1. The natural environment of the Arctic is changing rapidly owing to climate change. At the same time in many countries including Russia the region is attracting growing attention of decisionmakers and business communities. In light of the above it is necessary to protect the biodiversity of the regional marine ecosystems in the most effective way possible, namely by establishing a network of marine protected areas.2. Identifying conservation priority areas is a key step towards this goal. To achieve it, a study based on a systematic conservation planning approach was conducted. An expanded group of experts used the MARXAN algorithm to produce initial results, then discussed and refined them to select 47 conservation priority areas in the Russian Arctic seas.3. The resulting network covers nearly 25% of the Russian Arctic seas, which guarantees proportional representation of their biodiversity as well as achieving connectivity, sustainability and naturalness. This was largely made possible by the selected methodology, based on the MARXAN decision support tool supplemented by extensive post-analysis that helped fill any gaps inevitable in the formal approach.4. Although available data were sparse, and of varying quality and a single regionalization scheme could not be used (as is often the case for such areas), the selected approach has proven successful for such a large area that covers both the coastal zone and parts of the High Seas. Such an approach could be used further to identify marine protected areas throughout the Arctic Ocean. Kudersky, 2004;Pavlov & Sundet, 2011;Spiridonov & Zalota, 2017) and sea ice habitat loss (Amstrup, Marcot, & Douglas, 2008;Moore & Huntington, 2008). Perhaps equally important, these changes lead to greater human presence in the region (Huettmann, 2012;Jørgensen et al., 2016;Wenzel et al., 2016). This could take many forms from increased oil and gas exploration and production, intensified shipping, fishing, aquaculture and tourism as well as greater military presence.In recent years serious efforts to protect marine biodiversity have been undertaken worldwide and the Russian Arctic seas are no exception. The Arctic is receiving growing attention in Russia as politicians, investors, media and the general public are pushing for a comeback after the country's withdrawal from the region in the 1990s. There are two approaches to conservation that prevail in the world today. One is based on industries regulations that are introduced alongside measures to protect or manage particular species or stocks (Roff & Zacharias, 2011). The other centres on areabased conservation measures and is widely regarded as effective (Roff & Zacharias, 2011;Spiridonov et al., 2012). In the Russian Arctic the latter remains less common. The region has seven Strictly Protected Natural Reserves, or zapovedniks (IUCN Ia), three National Parks (IUCN II), four Preserves (IUCN IV/VI), one Natural Monument (IUCN III) and 41 Regional Protected Areas (IUCN Ib), but their primary purpose is to protect terr...

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Hydrophysical features of deep water troughs in the western Kara Sea

Cited by 16 publications

References 2 publications

The role of river runoff in the Kara Sea surface layer acidification and carbonate system changes

The role of river runoff in the Kara Sea surface layer acidification and carbonate system changes

Importance of oceanographical background for a conservation priority areas network planned using MARXAN decision support tool in the Russian Arctic seas

Identifying a network of priority areas for conservation in the Arctic seas: Practical lessons from Russia

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