Hydropyrolysis of a high-sulphur-high-calcite Italian Sulcis coal. 1. Hydropyrolysis yields and catalytic effect of the calcite

Investigation of the evolved gases from Sulcis coal during pyrolysis under N2 and H2 atmospheres

“…Incipient production of light hydrocarbons started below 300 • C. The evolution of CH 4 and C 2 H 4 increased with temperature raising, although the C 2 H 4 evolution occurred in a short temperature range (300-600 • C) with maximum rate of emission around to 450 • C. The emission of light hydrocarbons in the first part of the pyrolysis (low temperature region) might derived from breakage of C C bond of methoxy and methyl groups or from devolatilization of pre-existing hydrocarbons [16]. In the second part of pyrolysis (high temperature region) the release of CH 4 might be attributed to thermal cracking reactions of pyrolyzed char because tar evolution completely ended at temperature above 600 • C. This was confirmed by the studies of Cyprès and Furfari [23], which observed that under hydropyrolysis of Sulcis coal methane evolution proceeded up to 900 • C.…”

Microwave pretreatment on microalgae: Evolution of gas and char in chemical looping gasification

“…As shown in Figure C, C═O of three conditions were mainly produced in the pyrolysis stage, which were formed by the decomposition of carbohydrates, lipid, hemicellulose, cellulose, and protein . Phenols, carbonyl, ether, and oxygenated heterocycles compounds decomposed and removed C―O and C═O during the carbonization of pyrolysis char . Thus, the integral intensity of C═O decreased under high temperature.…”

“…29 Phenols, carbonyl, ether, and oxygenated heterocycles compounds decomposed and removed C-O and C═O during the carbonization of pyrolysis char. 36,44 Thus, the integral intensity of C═O decreased under high temperature. As shown in Table 3, the integral intensity of C═O in Fe 2 O 3 : Chlorella decreased by 20.86% compared with SiO 2 :Chlorella.…”

Mutual Influences between Organic Matter and Minerals during Oil Shale Pyrolysis

“…Figure indicates that HDOS-CF releases CO 2 at 200–600 °C which is attributed to the cracking of the carboxyl functional group in organic matter. , Individual pyrolysis of CaCO 3 (Figure S1 in the Supporting Information) indicates that the pure CaCO 3 cannot decompose in this temperature range as expected. There are two possible reasons for more CO 2 release: CaCO 3 promotes the cracking of carboxyl functional group in organic matter; the organic matter or pyrolysis products promote(s) a small amount of CaCO 3 to produce CO 2 . XRD result of the solid co-pyrolysis product (Figure S2 in the Supporting Information) indicates formation of a small amount of CaO.…”