Hydroraffinationskatalysatoren in der Erdölverarbeitung – Stand und Perspektiven

Future Refining Catalysis - Introduction of Biomass Feedstocks

“…Only in the second step, the standard hydrotreatment temperatures (350-400°C) can The effect of addition of used frying oil (UFO) to atmospheric gas oil (AGO) on its hydrodesulfurization 103 be used to deoxygenate bio-oil 52,53 . The hydrotreatment pressures may vary in a wide range (7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20) 52,53 depending on the composition of bio-oil on the one hand, and on the desired level of deoxygenation on the other. Oxygenated compounds are generally more resistant to hydrotreatment than sulfur-containing compounds 59 and require thus more severe reaction conditions 52 and optimization of the catalyst as well as optimization of the process conditions for a particular bio-oil feedstock 52 .…”

“…Hydrodesulfurization (HDS) is a mature and wide-spread process and the reaction itself has been studied in meticulous detail, due to its industrial significance, for several decades 7,15,[30][31][32] . It can thus provide useful insights into the considerably less investigated hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) which is in principle an analogous reaction.…”

“…Pb-based octane boosters were completely abandoned in the developed countries 5 , the sulfur level in transportation fuels has been drastically reduced, ultralow sulfur fuels (10 ppm S) have been introduced in the developed countries [5][6][7] and the concentration of aromatics has been cut as well 5,6,8 . The role of catalysis in the achieved environmental benefits is indispensable, as will be shown later using the example of hydrodesulfurization.…”