Hydrothermal aging of carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composites with different interface structures

Zhuang, Xiangjie; Ma, Junsen; Dan, Yi; Jiang, Long; Huang, Yun

doi:10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2023.110352

Cited by 16 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…However, it is imperative to emphasize that these observations are contingent upon the premise that the fiber–epoxy interface remains relatively intact, ensuring that the interfacial binding interactions maintain a dominant role. When the interface is severely damaged, such as interface slipping and fiber breaking caused by mechanical stress (see Section ), or interface destruction due to water penetration, ,, the resin near the interface is more likely to be exposed to the environment, thereby suffering aging preferentially.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Panoramic View of Interface-Related Thermo-oxidative Aging of Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Epoxy Composites

Zhang,

Liu,

Yang

et al. 2024

Macromolecules

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The thermo-oxidative aging mechanism of carbon fiber-reinforced epoxy (CF/EP) composites was studied by using reactive molecular dynamics (RMD) simulations with a reactive force field (ReaxFF), traditional molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, and machine learning (ML) methods. The decoupling of the tensile stress applied to the resin from the thermo-oxidative aging reactions in the resin was demonstrated. The tensile strength parallel to the fiber was much higher than that perpendicular to the fiber. The fiber−epoxy interfacial bonding interaction limits the thermal mobility of the resin near the interface, lowering the probability of aging reaction events and thereby prohibiting the material's aging. The panoramic view of the aging reactions was obtained using a new holistic analysis approach, revealing the high breaking probability of hydroxyl groups, ether bonds, and C−N bonds in the resin skeleton. These chemical bonds were proven to affect the formation of the main products. The total number of chemical bonds in the material was linear with the ultimate tensile strength perpendicular to the fiber. By establishing the relationship between "products−chemical bonds−mechanical properties", we built the groundwork for novel lifetime prediction model construction based on theoretical and data fusion methods.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Panoramic View of Interface-Related Thermo-oxidative Aging of Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Epoxy Composites

Zhang,

Liu,

Yang

et al. 2024

Macromolecules

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“…These interactions can cause degradation of the mechanical properties, change its surface and internal states, and reduce its service life. Hydrothermal aging is main factors affecting composites' performance and can lead to material failure 22–25 . Since large composites' service life is long and costly 26–28 some laboratory studies use accelerated aging conditions to enhance degradation conditions and reduce the size and thickness of the pattern 29,30 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hydrothermal aging is main factors affecting composites' performance and can lead to material failure. [22][23][24][25] Since large composites' service life is long and costly [26][27][28] some laboratory studies use accelerated aging conditions to enhance degradation conditions and reduce the size and thickness of the pattern. 29,30 For instance, aging can be reversible (physical aging) or irreversible (chemical aging) by immersing in water and increasing the temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of the effect of hydrothermal aging on the mechanical properties of 2D fiber‐reinforced resin matrix composites

Li,

Feng,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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Abstract2D fiber reinforced resin matrix composites (2D FRRMC) are widely applied for aerospace, generator blades, and other high‐end equipment manufacturing fields due to their excellent mechanical properties. However, 2D FRRMC will face a variety of complex environments in the service process, and the long‐term complex environment will significantly impact the physical and mechanical properties of 2D FRRMC. It is necessary to understand and analyze the changes of materials during service. A comprehensive review of the research on the effect of hydrothermal aging on the mechanical properties and re‐ drying of 2D FRRMC in recent years was presented in this article, which contains interlaminar shear properties, compression properties, tensile properties, and aging mechanism, etc. Finally, the current challenges and prospects of 2D FRRMC were discussed. These discussions and proposed strategies will enlighten thoughts and offer ways to apply 2D FRRMC in complex environments better, study 2D FRRMC in complex environments, and study the effects of hydrothermal aging on materials in the future.

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“…Epoxy resin-reinforced graphite matrix composites comprising curing agents have wide-ranging applications in fuel cell bipolar plates. , During the extended service life of bipolar plates made of graphite/epoxy resin (G/EP) composites, external loads impose constant forces in the interfacial region, , potentially reducing the performance and lifespan of the bipolar plates. , So the performance of composite bipolar plates is influenced by the interaction and bonding quality between graphite and epoxy resin. , One common problem is the inadequate bonding strength between the graphite and resin, which would lead to premature delamination or peeling of the component . In addition, the interface may also become detached or experience pull-out under external forces, resulting in loss of connection and eventual cracking or breaking of the composite plate .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1,2 During the extended service life of bipolar plates made of graphite/epoxy resin (G/EP) composites, external loads impose constant forces in the interfacial region, 3,4 potentially reducing the performance and lifespan of the bipolar plates. 5,6 So the performance of composite bipolar plates is influenced by the interaction and bonding quality between graphite and epoxy resin. 7,8 One common problem is the inadequate bonding strength between the graphite and resin, which would lead to premature delamination or peeling of the component.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving Interfacial Adhesion of Graphite/Epoxy Composites by Surface Functionalization

Yao

Feng

Jin

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Graphite/epoxy resin (G/EP) composites are extensively utilized in bipolar plates for fuel cells owing to their outstanding electrical and mechanical properties. However, the mechanical strength of these composites declines notably due to the inadequate bonding interface between graphite and epoxy resin. To address this issue, we used molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to study the influence of graphite surface functionalization on the interfacial structures of composites. The results of this study revealed that the functionalization of the graphite surface led to an increase in the interface thickness of the composite. This phenomenon can be attributed to the interdiffusion and hydrogen bond formation between functionalized graphite and epoxy molecular chains. And all four types of functional groups demonstrated a promoting effect on the adsorption process. Additionally, the adsorption and contact angle results provided further evidence that the adsorption rate of graphite to the epoxy resin significantly improved after functionalization. These findings contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the microscopic process of forming interfaces in G/EP composites. In addition, these insights provide valuable guidance for improving the interface bonding of composite bipolar plates, which can ultimately increase their mechanical strength.

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Hydrothermal aging of carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composites with different interface structures

Cited by 16 publications

References 40 publications

Panoramic View of Interface-Related Thermo-oxidative Aging of Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Epoxy Composites

Panoramic View of Interface-Related Thermo-oxidative Aging of Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Epoxy Composites

A review of the effect of hydrothermal aging on the mechanical properties of 2D fiber‐reinforced resin matrix composites

Improving Interfacial Adhesion of Graphite/Epoxy Composites by Surface Functionalization

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