Hydrothermal alteration of deep fractured granite: Effects of dissolution and precipitation

Nishimoto, Shoji; Yoshida, Hidekazu

doi:10.1016/j.lithos.2009.11.015

Cited by 103 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…The factor determining whether CF mechanisms 1 or 2 occurs is the supply of metallic ions from the hydrothermal fluid. Biotite chloritization occurs at the incipient stage in the successive hydrothermal alteration of the Toki granite (Nishimoto and Yoshida 2010). Nishimoto and Yoshida (2010) also described that the incipient stage is associated with the condition of relatively low fluid/rock ratio due to relatively low porosity and fracture density in the successive alteration stages.…”

Section: The Biotite Chloritization Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The degree and extent of the hydrothermal alteration in a granitic rock has a significant effect on weathering processes, which also influence the chemical characteristics of the groundwater due to water-rock interaction. Nishimoto and Yoshida (2010) described how the hydrothermal alteration in the granitic rock is constrained mainly by the dissolution-precipitation process during the infiltration of hydrothermal fluid along microcracks. The hydrothermal alteration of the granite progressed through three successive stages:…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The characteristics of hydrothermal alteration in the Toki granite were described comprehensively in Nishimoto et al (2008) and Nishimoto and Yoshida (2010). Illitization (sericitization) of plagioclase and chloritization of biotite are ubiquitous throughout the rock body (both in the intact part and fractured part).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Illitization (sericitization) of plagioclase and chloritization of biotite are ubiquitous throughout the rock body (both in the intact part and fractured part). Nishimoto and Yoshida (2010) concluded that the hydrothermal alteration in the Toki granite proceeded through three successive stages (as described in the Introduction).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hydrothermal chloritization processes from biotite in the Toki granite, Central Japan: Temporal variations of of the compositions of hydrothermal fluids associated with chloritization

Yuguchi¹,

Sasao²,

Ishibashi³

et al. 2015

American Mineralogist

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This paper describes the biotite chloritization process with a focus on mass transfer in the Toki granitic pluton, Central Japan, and also depicts the temporal variations in chemical characteristics of hydrothermal fluid associated with chloritization during the sub-solidus cooling of the pluton. Singular value decomposition (SVD) analysis results in chloritization reaction equations for eight mineral assemblages, leading to the quantitative assessment of mass transfer between the reactant and product minerals, and inflow and outflow of components through the hydrothermal fluid. The matrices for SVD analysis consist of arbitrary combinations of molar volume and closure component in the reactant and product minerals. The eight reactions represent the temporal variations of chemical characteristics of the hydrothermal fluid associated with chloritization: the progress of chloritization results in gradual increase of silicon, potassium, and chlorine and gradual decrease of calcium and sodium in the hydrothermal fluid with temperature decrease. The biotite chloritization involves two essential formation mechanisms: chlorite formation (CF) mechanism 1, small volume decrease from biotite to chlorite and large inflow of metallic ions such as Al 3+ , Fe 2+ , Mn 2+ , and Mg 2+ from the hydrothermal fluid, and CF mechanism 2, large volume decrease and large outflow of the metallic ions into hydrothermal fluid. Chlorite produced with CF mechanism 1 dominates over that of CF mechanism 2, resulting in the gradual decrease of the metallic components in the hydrothermal fluid with chloritization progress. The chloritization reactions also give the temporal variations in physicochemical parameter of the hydrothermal fluid: a gradual decrease of pH and a gradual increase of redox potential in the hydrothermal fluid as chloritization proceeds. The combination of continuous reactions based on compositional variations in chlorite together with corresponding continuous Al IV variations gives an indication of the temporal variations in rates of decreasing and increasing concentration of chemical components in the hydrothermal fluid associated with chloritization. The biotite chloritization and resultant temporal variations of chemical and physicochemical characteristics in hydrothermal fluid act as a trigger for the successive dissolution-precipitation process of a granitic rock.

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Section: The Biotite Chloritization Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Hydrothermal chloritization processes from biotite in the Toki granite, Central Japan: Temporal variations of of the compositions of hydrothermal fluids associated with chloritization

Yuguchi¹,

Sasao²,

Ishibashi³

et al. 2015

American Mineralogist

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“…The characteristic X-ray of each element in a sample is analyzed by energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS). SXAMs have been utilized for analyses of major and trace elements in a wide range of geological materials, including compositional banding in sediments and sedimentary rocks (Koshikawa et al, 2003;Kido et al, 2006;Böning et al, 2007;Katsuta et al, 2007aKatsuta et al, , 2007bYoshida et al, 2007;Baioumy et al, 2011), in igneous rocks (Michibayashi et al, 1999(Michibayashi et al, , 2002Yoshida et al, 2009;Harigane and Michibayashi, 2012), in metasediments (Katsuta et al, 2012), and in weathering and alteration rinds (Kuriyama et al, 2006;Nishimoto and Yoshida, 2010). These studies have successfully imaged the compositional gradients at centimeter scales (e.g., Kuriyama et al, 2006) and identified spatial distributions of minerals (e.g., Togami et al, 2000;Michibayashi et al, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Millimeter– to decimeter–scale compositional mapping using a scanning X–ray analytical microscope and its application to a reaction zone in high–grade metamorphic rock

Uno

Okamoto

Tsuchiya

2014

Journal of Mineralogical and Petrological Sciences

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A new method for quantitatively joining compositional maps measured by a scanning X-ray analytical microscope (SXAM) to visualize a larger scale element distribution (i.e., a joined element map) is proposed, and applied to the analysis of a 25-cm-long sample across a reaction zone from high-grade metamorphic rock. The method involves the in situ measurement of a standard material during a sample scan, which enables correction of the different sensitivities of multiple maps. The appropriate background intensity correction, spectrum processing, and X-ray intensity correction proposed in this study enable the production of a semiquantitative element map at a decimeter scale with relatively high resolution (~0.1 mm). The one-dimensional quantitative transect across the reaction zone has high resolution as well as high precision (e.g., relative standard deviation of <2% for Fe). The transect shows both a sharp boundary controlled by phase stability (as well as a millimeterscale gradual reaction boundary) and a decimeter-scale gradual compositional gradient simultaneously, and these features are difficult to identify using conventional methods (i.e., electron probe microanalyzer, X-ray fluorescence analysis, or SXAM with prior data processing). These compositional gradients, which range from submillimeter to decimeters in length, provide a key to understanding the formation mechanisms of rock and/or mineral reaction zones.

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References

2012

Crustal Permeability

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A simple predictive model of quartz solubility in water-salt-C02 systems at temperatures up to 1000 ∘ C and pressures up to 1000 MPa. Geochimica Cosmochimica Acta, 76, 1597-1608. Allen DM, Grasby SE, Voormeij DA (2006) Determining the circulation depth of thermal springs in the southern Rocky Mountain Trench, southeastern British Columbia, Canada using geothermometry and borehole temperature logs.

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Hydrothermal alteration of deep fractured granite: Effects of dissolution and precipitation

Cited by 103 publications

References 52 publications

Hydrothermal chloritization processes from biotite in the Toki granite, Central Japan: Temporal variations of of the compositions of hydrothermal fluids associated with chloritization

Hydrothermal chloritization processes from biotite in the Toki granite, Central Japan: Temporal variations of of the compositions of hydrothermal fluids associated with chloritization

Millimeter– to decimeter–scale compositional mapping using a scanning X–ray analytical microscope and its application to a reaction zone in high–grade metamorphic rock

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