Hydrothermal liquefaction of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes): influence of reaction temperature on product yield, carbon and energy recovery, and hydrocarbon species distribution in biocrude

Nallasivam, Jeganathan; Eboibi, B. E.; Isdepsky, Andreas; Lavanya, M.; Bhaskar, Sailendra; Chinnasamy, Senthil

doi:10.1007/s13399-020-01032-1

Cited by 17 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…This work therefore presents for the first the application of magnetite nanoparticles in the catalytic HTL of the water hyacinth. Magnetite nanoparticles were chosen because they have shown positive results in the catalytic HTL of algae [15]. Some of the differences between water hyacinth and algae are in their composition.…”

Section: Egesa Et Al Journal Of Sustainable Bioenergy Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…where: HHV is the high heating value, C, H, O and S are the wt.% of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and sulphur present in the product. The energy recovery (ER) of the biocrude oil was calculated according to Equation (3) [15] [19].…”

Section: Biocrude Oil Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The increase in HHV can be attributed to the reduction in the heteroatom (N and O) content of the biocrude oil with time. Some studies have reported a reduction in the HHV values when there was a reduction in the N and O content of the biocrude oils [15] [19] [24]. Increase in HHV with time is also attributed to the increase in the C and H composition of biocrude oil with time as seen in Table 2.…”

Section: Egesa Et Al Journal Of Sustainable Bioenergy Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Water Hyacinth: Effect of Process Conditions and Magnetite Nanoparticles on Biocrude Yield and Composition

Egesa¹,

Mulindwa²,

Mubiru³

et al. 2021

JSBS

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In this work, an efficient way of converting the water hyacinth to biocrude oil using magnetite nanoparticles (MNPs) as potential catalysts was demonstrated for the first time. MNPs were synthesised by co-precipitation and used in the hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of water hyacinth at different reaction conditions (temperature, reaction time, MNPs to biomass ratio and biomass to water ratio). The best reaction conditions were as follows: temperature-320˚C, reaction time-60 minutes, MNPs to biomass ratio -0.2 g/g and biomass to water ratio -0.06 g/g. HTL in presence of MNPs gave higher biocrude yields compared to HTL in absence of MNPs. The highest biocrude yield was 58.3 wt% compared to 52.3 wt% in absence of MNPs at similar reaction conditions. The composition of biocrude oil was analysed using GC-MS and elemental analysis. GC-MS results revealed that HTL in presence of MNPs led to an increase in the percentage area corresponding to hydrocarbons and a reduction in the percentage area corresponding to oxygenated compounds, nitrogenated compounds and sulphur compounds. Elemental analysis revealed an increase in the hydrogen and carbon content and a reduction in the nitrogen, oxygen and sulphur content of the biocrude when HTL was done in presence of MNPs compared to HTL in absence of MNPs. The nanoparticles were recovered from the biochar by sonication and magnetic separation and recycled. The recycled MNPs were still efficient as HTL catalysts and were recycled five times. The application of MNPs in the HTL of water hyacinth increases the yield of biocrude oil, improves the quality of biocrude through removal of hetero atoms, oxygen and sulphur compounds and is a potentially economical alternative to the traditional petroleum catalysts since MNPs are How to cite this paper:

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Section: Egesa Et Al Journal Of Sustainable Bioenergy Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Biocrude Oil Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Egesa Et Al Journal Of Sustainable Bioenergy Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Water Hyacinth: Effect of Process Conditions and Magnetite Nanoparticles on Biocrude Yield and Composition

Egesa¹,

Mulindwa²,

Mubiru³

et al. 2021

JSBS

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“…Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) is a promising biofuel source because of its potential to produce huge quantities of biomass and can be cultivated on large water bodies thus eliminating the competition for fertile agricultural land. Journal of Sustainable Bioenergy Systems Water hyacinth is a carbon-rich renewable energy source and its biomass is made of 18% -31% cellulose, 18% -42% hemicellulose, and 7% -26% lignin which favors biofuel production [8] [9] [10]. Regardless of its great potential for biomass production, water hyacinth is considered a nuisance weed and discarded as waste [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Water Hyacinth Using Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/NiO Nanocomposite: Optimization of Reaction Conditions by Response Surface Methodology

Aturagaba¹,

Egesa²,

Mubiru³

et al. 2023

JSBS

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This research aimed at optimizing the reaction conditions for the catalytic hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of water hyacinth using iron oxide/nickel oxide nanocomposite as catalysts. The iron oxide/nickel oxide nanocomposite was synthesized by the co-precipitation method and used in the hydrothermal liquefaction of water hyacinth. The composition and structural morphology of the synthesized catalysts were determined using X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). The particle size distribution of the catalyst nanoparticles was determined by the Image J software. Three reaction parameters were optimized using the response surface methodology (RSM). These were: temperature, residence time, and catalyst dosage. A maximum bio-oil yield of 59.4 wt% was obtained using iron oxide/nickel oxide nanocomposite compared to 50.7 wt% obtained in absence of the catalyst. The maximum bio-oil yield was obtained at a temperature of 320˚C, 1.5 g of catalyst dosage, and 60 min of residence time. The composition of bio-oil was analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) and elemental analysis. The GC-MS results showed an increase of hydrocarbons from 58.3% for uncatalyzed hydrothermal liquefaction to 88.66% using iron oxide/nickel oxide nanocomposite. Elemental analysis results revealed an increase in the hydrogen and carbon content and a reduction in the Nitrogen, Oxygen, and Sulphur content of the bio-oil during catalytic HTL compared to HTL in absence of catalyst nanoparticles. The high heating value increased from 33.5 MJ/Kg for uncatalyzed hydrothermal liquefaction to 38.6 MJ/Kg during the catalytic HTL. The catalyst nanoparticles were recovered from the solid residue by sonication and magnetic separation and recycled. The re-

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“…Microalgae can be readily converted into transportation liquid fuels and chemicals using advanced thermal conversion technologies such as HTL [130]. The main products of the HTL process are categorized as follows [136]:…”

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confidence: 99%

Biocrude Oil Production by Integrating Microalgae Polyculture and Wastewater Treatment: Novel Proposal on the Use of Deep Water-Depth Polyculture of Mixotrophic Microalgae

Watanabe

Isdepsky

2021

Energies

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Microalgae have attracted significant attention worldwide as one of the most promising feedstock fossil fuel alternatives. However, there are a few challenges for algal fuels to compete with fossil fuels that need to be addressed. Therefore, this study reviews the R&D status of microalgae-based polyculture and biocrude oil production, along with wastewater treatment. Mixotrophic algae are free to some extent from light restrictions using organic matter and have the ability to grow well even in deep water-depth cultivation. It is proposed that integrating the mixotrophic microalgae polyculture and wastewater treatment process is the most promising and harmonizing means to simultaneously increase capacities of microalgae biomass production and wastewater treatment with a low land footprint and high robustness to perturbations. A large amount of mixotrophic algae biomass is harvested, concentrated, and dewatered by combining highly efficient sedimentation through flocculation and energy efficient filtration, which reduce the carbon footprint for algae fuel production and coincide with the subsequent hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) conversion. HTL products are obtained with a relatively low carbon footprint and separated into biocrude oil, solid, aqueous, and gas fractions. Algae biomass feedstock-based HTL conversion has a high biocrude oil yield and quality available for existing oil refineries; it also has a bioavailability of the recycled nitrogen and phosphorus from the aqueous phase of algae community HTL. The HTL biocrude oil represents higher sustainability than conventional liquid fuels and other biofuels for the combination of greenhouse gas (GHG) and energy return on investment (EROI). Deep water-depth polyculture of mixotrophic microalgae using sewage has a high potential to produce sustainable biocrude oil within the land area of existing sewage treatment plants in Japan to fulfill imported crude oil.

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Hydrothermal liquefaction of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes): influence of reaction temperature on product yield, carbon and energy recovery, and hydrocarbon species distribution in biocrude

Cited by 17 publications

References 54 publications

Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Water Hyacinth: Effect of Process Conditions and Magnetite Nanoparticles on Biocrude Yield and Composition

Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Water Hyacinth: Effect of Process Conditions and Magnetite Nanoparticles on Biocrude Yield and Composition

Catalytic Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Water Hyacinth Using Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/NiO Nanocomposite: Optimization of Reaction Conditions by Response Surface Methodology

Biocrude Oil Production by Integrating Microalgae Polyculture and Wastewater Treatment: Novel Proposal on the Use of Deep Water-Depth Polyculture of Mixotrophic Microalgae

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Hydrothermal liquefaction of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes): influence of reaction temperature on product yield, carbon and energy recovery, and hydrocarbon species distribution in biocrude

Cited by 17 publications

References 54 publications

Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Water Hyacinth: Effect of Process Conditions and Magnetite Nanoparticles on Biocrude Yield and Composition

Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Water Hyacinth: Effect of Process Conditions and Magnetite Nanoparticles on Biocrude Yield and Composition

Catalytic Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Water Hyacinth Using Fe&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;/NiO Nanocomposite: Optimization of Reaction Conditions by Response Surface Methodology

Biocrude Oil Production by Integrating Microalgae Polyculture and Wastewater Treatment: Novel Proposal on the Use of Deep Water-Depth Polyculture of Mixotrophic Microalgae

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Catalytic Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Water Hyacinth Using Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/NiO Nanocomposite: Optimization of Reaction Conditions by Response Surface Methodology