Hydrothermal model for predicting fire-induced spalling in concrete structural systems

Prediction of the spatial occurrence of fire induced spalling in concrete slabs using random fields

“…• As an example, the spalling model proposed by Dwaikat and Kodur (2009) is combined with a stochastic representation of the 20 • C concrete tensile strength and the probability of spalling is estimated. However, this method assumes the tensile strength to be uniform for the entire slab.…”

“…Dwaikat and Kodur proposed a similar model for predicting fire-induced spalling in concrete structures by assuming that spalling occurs when the effective pore pressure in the concrete exceeds the temperature dependent tensile strength of the concrete [8]:…”

Numerical Model for Concrete Exposed to High Temperature

“…The boundary and initial conditions, wall geometry and FEM mesh are shown in the Table 1, figure 1 and figure 2 respectively. [1]. A simplified hygro thermo mechanical model based on poromechanics developed to estimate the temperature, pore pressure in heated concrete.…”

Heat transfer and structural response modelling of FRP confined rectangular concrete columns in fire

“…predicted higher temperatures for concrete elements near the fire exposed exterior surface than were observed in the tests, although the prediction became closer to the experimental result as the concrete depth increased. Any minor deviations between the predicted and experimental result may be due to uncertainty as to the exact location of the thermocouples located in the columns and also to the fact that thermally induced moisture migration within concrete, which is well known to occur during fire [33], was not taken into account in the thermal analysis. In the current analysis, the effect of moisture was taken into account by assuming that, in each concrete element, moisture began to evaporate when the temperature reached 100°C and that the temperature remained at 100°C until all the moisture had evaporated [4].…”