Hydrothermal Ore Deposits in the Western United States: A New Concept of Structural Control of Distribution

Kutina, Jan

doi:10.1126/science.165.3898.1113

Cited by 24 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Many studies have emphasized the importance of lineament interpretations and digital lineament analysis in localizing the major mineral deposits and notes that there is a strong correlation between mineral deposits and lineaments (e.g. Kutina, 1969;Katz, 1982;Liu et al, 2000;Rein and Kaufmann, 2003).…”

Section: Structural Mappingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of remote sensing and GIS in mineral resource mapping-An overview

Rajesh

2004

Journal of Mineralogical and Petrological Sciences

110

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Remote sensing, as a direct adjunct to field, lithologic and structural mapping, and more recently, GIS have played an important role in the study of mineralized areas. A review on the application of remote sensing in mineral resource mapping is attempted here. It involves understanding the application of remote sensing in lithologic, structural and alteration mapping. Remote sensing becomes an important tool for locating mineral deposits, in its own right, when the primary and secondary processes of mineralization result in the formation of spectral anomalies. Reconnaissance lithologic mapping is usually the first step of mineral resource mapping. This is complimented with structural mapping, as mineral deposits usually occur along or adjacent to geologic structures, and alteration mapping, as mineral deposits are commonly associated with hydrothermal alteration of the surrounding rocks. In addition to these, understanding the use of hyperspectral remote sensing is crucial as hyperspectral data can help identify and thematically map regions of exploration interest by using the distinct absorption features of most minerals. Finally coming to the exploration stage, GIS forms the perfect tool in integrating and analyzing various georeferenced geoscience data in selecting the best sites of mineral deposits or rather good candidates for further exploration.

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Section: Structural Mappingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of remote sensing and GIS in mineral resource mapping-An overview

Rajesh

2004

Journal of Mineralogical and Petrological Sciences

110

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“…BBRNaRI~ (1959), J. C. MACQUAR (1968) and J. c. SaMAMa (1968, 1969 are all agreed on this point. Let us refer to what has been said above, particularly on the subject of Les Malines.…”

Section: A Heritage and Sedimentationmentioning

confidence: 83%

Some major concepts of metallogeny

Appliquée¹

1973

Mineral. Deposita

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These notes, which summarize part of over ten years of laboratory work, aim to clarify and inter-relate three fundamental concepts of current Metallogeny: consanguinity, heritage, province. --1. The concept of "consanguinity": its criteria, limits and graduations, are first presented; 2. They are illustrated by the analysis of a complex example: the lead-zinc mineralisations in Trias around the C4vennes (South of the French Massif Central); 3. The likelihood of consanguinity for various strata-bound mineralisations, particularly misappreciated and misinterpreted, is then shown: --tungsten in the C4vennes -gold at Passagem (Brazil), about which microstructural and geochemical arguments are especially employed --cobalt at Bou Azzer (Marocco) ; 4. From consanguinity in a sedimentary environment, the authors turn to the crustal phenomena cycle, during which the heritages of the cations succeed one another.Examples of heritages, linked with sedimentation-volcanism: Sierra de Carthagena (Spain) --metamorphism --granitisation, are rapidly examined or referred to in literature. Particular attention has been paid to heritage by secretion, illustrated by the antimony lodes of the French Massif Central. Consequently, it may be understood how the successive heritages invoive geochemical permanences and determine the geochemica! provinces going back to ancient times in which the mineralprovinces were built up. 5. In a last section the transformist guideline is compared with other concepts and tools of Metallogeny: lineaments and isotopic ratios. --In conclusion, the intra-crustal heritages still remain under-estimated and badly deciphered and are not sufficiently taken into consideration in mineral exploration.Diese Ver6ffentlichung, die einen Teil der w~hrend eines Jahrzehnts in einem Laboratorium ausgeftihrten _Arbeiten kurz behandelt, hat die Aufgabe, drei Grundbegriffe der gegenwfirtigen Metallogenese klarzustellen und miteinander zu verkntipfen: ,,Familiarit/it" (Verwandtschaft), Vererbung und Provinz. --1. Der Begriff der Ver~vandtschaft sowie seine Kriterien, Grenzen und Nuancen werden zuerst auseinandergese~zt. 2. Dann wird dieser Begriff anhand der Analyse eines komplizierten Beispiels veranschaulicht, und zwar der Blei-Zink-Mineralisationen in der Trias am Rand der Cevennen, im Siiden des franz6sischen Zentralmassivs gelegen; 3. AnschlieBend wird die Wahrscheinlichkeit der Verwandtschaft for verschiedene schichtgebundene, besonders Some Major Concepts of Metallogeny verkannte und falsch interpretierte Mineralisationen aufgezeigt. Es handelt sich einerseits um das Wolfram der Cevennen sowie das Kobalt yon Bou Azzer (Marokko) und andererseits urn das Gold yon Passagem (Brasilien), zu dessert Erklfirung insbesonders rnikrostrukturelle und geochemische Argumente herangezogen werden; 4. So gelangt man in den Kreislauf der Krustalerscheinungen, wfihrenddessen Vererbungen von Kationen aufeinanderfolgen. Beispiele yon Vererbungen, die an Sedimentation, Vulkanismus (Sierra von Cartagena, Spanien), Metamorphose und Granitisie...

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“…The Organ Mountains to the northeast (and thus probably well north of a projection of the type lineament) contain many northeast-trending faults, but none trending south of east (Dunham, 1935 In summary, no map yet published of areas in New Mexico or Arizona records any fault that can reasonably 'be interpreted as an element of the Texas Lineament of Hill, Ransome, and Baker. Kutina (1969), in perhaps the most extreme effort to read significance into random patterns, considered the Sudbury, Blind River, Porcupine-Kirkland Lake, Noranda, and Lake Superior mining districts to constitute the eastern part of a mineral belt extending along the United States-Canada international boundary, including in its western extent such mining districts as Butte, Coeur d'Alene, and Kimberly. It is safe to say that the Texas Lineament as originally conceived does not exist in either of these states, and certainly it has no relevance to the localization of any of the great copper deposits of the Southwest.…”

Section: Roberts' Northwest "Mineral Beltsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lineaments; ineffective guides to ore deposits

Gilluly¹

1976

Economic Geology

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For many years some geologists have been much impressed by real or imagined linear arrangements of various geologic features: drainage lines, faults, joints, volcanoes, ore deposits, and even anticlines. Such real or fancied lineaments have commonly been attributed to deep-seated wrench (strike-slip) faults. Some seem to regard the San Andreas fault as typical; others refer to zones as much as 100 miles wide as lineaments, but surely no one would suggest that a zone that wide would be a guide to ore. In this paper no zones wider than ten miles are considered lineaments.Some geologists consider lineaments to be the record of worldwide stress fields embracing the entire crust. This paper reviews some of the literature in an attempt to evaluate the significance of lineaments. I conclude that, although sea-floor lineaments-marked as they are by both magnetic and sounding evidence•are indeed important structures, the significance of lineaments in the far more beterogenous continental crust has been greatly exaggerated; the value of lineaments as guides to ore is virtually negligible. Most orebodies, even the greatest such as Butte or Bingham, are so small compared to, say, a ten-mile-wide zone, .that their discovery would not be significantly facilitated even though exploration is restricted to the zone. Most postulated ore zones are more than ten miles wide, and many that have been postulated can be shown to be nonexistent. Lineaments T•E suggestion that the earth's crust is •divided into segments by rectilinear faults dates back at least toElie de Beaumont's "somewhat fantastic pentagonal theory of the arrangement of mountain chains" (quotation from W. H. Hobbs, himself a supporter of the tetrahedral theory of the earth). Hobbs (1904, 1911, 1912) was much impressed by linear arrangements of various topographic and geologic features in New England. The lineaments he recognized are composite: the line of a topographic scarp may be continued by a straight stretch of stream, this by a geologic contact or a fall line.The most prominent lineaments he recognized trend about N 5 ø W, a second, less prominent, set is oriented N 50 ø E, a third is about N 45 ø W, with less well-defined sets trending N 35 ø W, N 44 ø W, N65 ø E, N75ø W, andN85 ø W. Clearly almost any fault trend drawn at random would lie close to one or another of these trends. The spacing ooe t•he nets Hobbs recognized ranged from 40 to 125 miles; their width varied as the scaled width of a pencil line varies with the scale of the map on which it is drawn. Hobbs conceded that lineaments are best recognized on more generalized small-scale maps; they tend to become obscure or zigzags on larger scale maps.On a much smaller scale, Hobbs found joints in the granite of Cape Ann to fall into sets striking N 20 ø to 25 øW, NtoN5 øW, aboutN15 ø E, N30 ø to 35 ø E, about N 45 ø to 50 ø W, due E, and N 44 ø E. He attached regional significance to the principal trends. It would be hard to find a New England lineament trend, however, that differs greatly from one of tho...

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Hydrothermal Ore Deposits in the Western United States: A New Concept of Structural Control of Distribution

Cited by 24 publications

References 6 publications

Application of remote sensing and GIS in mineral resource mapping-An overview

Application of remote sensing and GIS in mineral resource mapping-An overview

Some major concepts of metallogeny

Lineaments; ineffective guides to ore deposits

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